14. Ṣawm (Fasting)

١٤۔ كتاب الصوم

14.81 A Person Observing I'tikaf Visiting The Sick

١٤۔٨١ باب الْمُعْتَكِفِ يَعُودُ الْمَرِيضَ

abudawud:2472ʿAbdullāh b. Muḥammad al-Nufaylī And Muḥammad b. ʿĪsá > ʿAbd al-Salām b. Ḥarb > al-Layth b. Abū Sulaym > ʿAbd al-Raḥman b. al-Qāsim from his father > ʿĀʾishah > al-Nufaylī

According to the version of Al Nufaili, A’ishah said “The Prophet ﷺ used to pass by a patient while he was observing I’tikaf(in the mosque) but he passed as usual and did not stay asking about him.” According to the version of Ibn Isa she said “The Prophet ﷺ would visit a patient while he was observing I’tikaf.”  

أبو داود:٢٤٧٢حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ النُّفَيْلِيُّ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِيسَى قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ السَّلاَمِ بْنُ حَرْبٍ أَخْبَرَنَا اللَّيْثُ بْنُ أَبِي سُلَيْمٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَ النُّفَيْلِيُّ قَالَتْ

كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَمُرُّ بِالْمَرِيضِ وَهُوَ مُعْتَكِفٌ فَيَمُرُّ كَمَا هُوَ وَلاَ يُعَرِّجُ يَسْأَلُ عَنْهُ وَقَالَ ابْنُ عِيسَى قَالَتْ إِنْ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَعُودُ الْمَرِيضَ وَهُوَ مُعْتَكِفٌ  

abudawud:2473And Hb b. Baqiyyah > Khālid > ʿAbd al-Raḥman / Ibn Isḥāq > al-Zuhrī > ʿUrwah > ʿĀʾishah > al-Sunnah > al-Muʿtakif

The sunnah for one who is observing i'tikaf (in a mosque) is not to visit a patient, or to attend a funeral, or touch or embrace one's wife, or go out for anything but necessary purposes. There is no i'tikaf without fasting, and there is no i'tikaf except in a congregational mosque.  

أبو داود:٢٤٧٣حَدَّثَنَا وَهْبُ بْنُ بَقِيَّةَ أَخْبَرَنَا خَالِدٌ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ يَعْنِي ابْنَ إِسْحَاقَ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ أَنَّهَا قَالَتِ السُّنَّةُ عَلَى الْمُعْتَكِفِ

أَنْ لاَ يَعُودَ مَرِيضًا وَلاَ يَشْهَدَ جَنَازَةً وَلاَ يَمَسَّ امْرَأَةً وَلاَ يُبَاشِرَهَا وَلاَ يَخْرُجَ لِحَاجَةٍ إِلاَّ لِمَا لاَ بُدَّ مِنْهُ وَلاَ اعْتِكَافَ إِلاَّ بِصَوْمٍ وَلاَ اعْتِكَافَ إِلاَّ فِي مَسْجِدٍ جَامِعٍ  

قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ غَيْرُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ لاَ يَقُولُ فِيهِ قَالَتِ السُّنَّةُ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ جَعَلَهُ قَوْلَ عَائِشَةَ
abudawud:2474Aḥmad b. Ibrāhīm > Abū Dāwud > ʿAbdullāh b. Budayl > ʿAmr b. Dīnār > Ibn ʿUmar > ʿUmar Jaʿal ʿAlayh

Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) took a vow in the pre-Islamic days to spend a night or a day in devotion near the Ka'bah (in the sacred mosque). He asked the Prophet ﷺ about it. He said: Observe i'tikaf (i.e. spend a night or a day near the Ka'bah) and fast.  

أبو داود:٢٤٧٤حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو دَاوُدَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ بُدَيْلٍ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ

أَنَّ عُمَرَ ؓ جَعَلَ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَعْتَكِفَ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ لَيْلَةً أَوْ يَوْمًا عِنْدَ الْكَعْبَةِ فَسَأَلَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَالَ اعْتَكِفْ وَصُمْ  

abudawud:2475ʿAbdullāh b. ʿUmar b. Muḥammad > Abān b. Ṣāliḥ al-Qurashī > ʿAmr b. Muḥammad / al-ʿAnqazī > ʿAbdullāh b. Budayl Biʾisnādih > Fabaynamā > Muʿtakif Idh Kabbar al-Nās > Mā Hadhā Yā ʿAbdullāh

The tradition mentioned above (No. 2468) has also been transmitted by Abdullah ibn Budayl through a different chain of narrators in a similar way. This version adds: While he (Umar) was observing i'tikaf (in the sacred mosque), the people uttered (loudly): "Allah is most great." He said: What is this, Abdullah? He said: These are the captives of the Hawazin whom the Messenger of Allah ﷺ has set free. He said: This slave-girl too? He sent her along with them.  

أبو داود:٢٤٧٥حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبَانَ بْنِ صَالِحٍ الْقُرَشِيِّ حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ يَعْنِي الْعَنْقَزِيَّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بُدَيْلٍ بِإِسْنَادِهِ نَحْوَهُ قَالَ

فَبَيْنَمَا هُوَ مُعْتَكِفٌ إِذْ كَبَّرَ النَّاسُ فَقَالَ مَا هَذَا يَا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ قَالَ سَبْىُ هَوَازِنَ أَعْتَقَهُمُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ قَالَ وَتِلْكَ الْجَارِيَةُ فَأَرْسَلَهَا مَعَهُمْ