14. Ṣawm (Fasting)

١٤۔ كتاب الصوم

14.14 Regarding The Testimony Of A Single Person About Seeing The Crescent Of Ramadan

١٤۔١٤ باب فِي شَهَادَةِ الْوَاحِدِ عَلَى رُؤْيَةِ هِلاَلِ رَمَضَانَ

abudawud:2340[Chain 1] Muḥammad b. Bakkār b. al-Rayyān > al-Walīd / Ibn Abū Thawr [Chain 2] al-Ḥasan b. ʿAlī

A bedouin came to the Prophet ﷺ and said: I have sighted the moon. Al-Hasan added in his version: that is, of Ramadan. He asked: Do you testify that there is no god but Allah? He replied: Yes. He again asked: Do you testify that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah? He replied: Yes. and he testified that he had sighted the moon. He said: Bilal, announce to the people that they must fast tomorrow.  

أبو داود:٢٣٤٠حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكَّارِ بْنِ الرَّيَّانِ حَدَّثَنَا الْوَلِيدُ يَعْنِي ابْنَ أَبِي ثَوْرٍ ح وَحَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ حَدَّثَنَا الْحُسَيْنُ يَعْنِي الْجُعْفِيَّ عَنْ زَائِدَةَ الْمَعْنَى عَنْ سِمَاكٍ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ

جَاءَ أَعْرَابِيٌّ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ إِنِّي رَأَيْتُ الْهِلاَلَ قَالَ الْحَسَنُ فِي حَدِيثِهِ يَعْنِي رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ أَتَشْهَدُ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ أَتَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ يَا بِلاَلُ أَذِّنْ فِي النَّاسِ فَلْيَصُومُوا غَدًا  

abudawud:2341Mūsá b. Ismāʿīl > Ḥammād > Simāk b. Ḥarb

Once the people doubted the appearance of the moon of Ramadan, and intended neither to offer the tarawih prayer nor to keep fast. A bedouin came from al-Harrah and testified that he had sighted the moon. He was brought to the Prophet ﷺ. He asked: Do you testify that there is no god but Allah, and that I am the Messenger of Allah? He said: Yes; and he testified that he had sighted the moon. He commanded Bilal who announced to the people to offer the tarawih prayer and to keep fast.  

أبو داود:٢٣٤١حَدَّثَنِي مُوسَى بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادٌ عَنْ سِمَاكِ بْنِ حَرْبٍ

عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ أَنَّهُمْ شَكُّوا فِي هِلاَلِ رَمَضَانَ مَرَّةً فَأَرَادُوا أَنْ لاَ يَقُومُوا وَلاَ يَصُومُوا فَجَاءَ أَعْرَابِيٌّ مِنَ الْحَرَّةِ فَشَهِدَ أَنَّهُ رَأَى الْهِلاَلَ فَأُتِيَ بِهِ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَقَالَ أَتَشْهَدُ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ وَأَنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ قَالَ نَعَمْ وَشَهِدَ أَنَّهُ رَأَى الْهِلاَلَ فَأَمَرَ بِلاَلاً فَنَادَى فِي النَّاسِ أَنْ يَقُومُوا وَأَنْ يَصُومُوا  

قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ رَوَاهُ جَمَاعَةٌ عَنْ سِمَاكٍ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ مُرْسَلاً وَلَمْ يَذْكُرِ الْقِيَامَ أَحَدٌ إِلاَّ حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ
abudawud:2342Maḥmūd b. Khālid And ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAbd al-Raḥman al-Samarqandī > Liḥadīthih Atqan > Marwān > Ibn Muḥammad > ʿAbdullāh b. Wahb > Yaḥyá b. ʿAbdullāh b. Sālim > Abū Bakr b. Nāfiʿ from his father > Ibn ʿUmar

The people looked for the moon, so I informed the Messenger of Allah ﷺ that I had sighted it. He fasted and commanded the people to fast.  

أبو داود:٢٣٤٢حَدَّثَنَا مَحْمُودُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ السَّمَرْقَنْدِيُّ وَأَنَا لِحَدِيثِهِ أَتْقَنُ قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا مَرْوَانُ هُوَ ابْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ وَهْبٍ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ نَافِعٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ

تَرَاءَى النَّاسُ الْهِلاَلَ فَأَخْبَرْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنِّي رَأَيْتُهُ فَصَامَهُ وَأَمَرَ النَّاسَ بِصِيَامِهِ