14. Ṣawm (Fasting)
١٤۔ كتاب الصوم
The Prophet ﷺ saw a man who had been put in the shade and saw a crowd of people around him (in the course of a journey). He said: Fasting while on journey is not part of righteousness.
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ رَأَى رَجُلاً يُظَلَّلُ عَلَيْهِ وَالزِّحَامُ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ لَيْسَ مِنَ الْبِرِّ الصِّيَامُ فِي السَّفَرِ
A man from Banu Abdullah ibn Ka'b brethren of Banu Qushayr (not Anas ibn Malik, the well-known Companion), said: A contingent from the cavalry of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ raided us. I reached (for he said went) to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ who was taking his meals. He said: Sit down, and take some from this meal of ours. I said: I am fasting, he said: Sit down, I shall tell you about prayer and fasting. Allah has remitted half the prayer to a traveller, and fasting to the traveller, the woman who is suckling an infant and the woman who is pregnant, I swear by Allah, he mentioned both (i.e. suckling and pregnant women) or one of them. I was grieved for not taking the food of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.
أَغَارَتْ عَلَيْنَا خَيْلٌ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَانْتَهَيْتُ أَوْ قَالَ فَانْطَلَقْتُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ يَأْكُلُ فَقَالَ اجْلِسْ فَأَصِبْ مِنْ طَعَامِنَا هَذَا فَقُلْتُ إِنِّي صَائِمٌ قَالَ اجْلِسْ أُحَدِّثْكَ عَنِ الصَّلاَةِ وَعَنِ الصِّيَامِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى وَضَعَ شَطْرَ الصَّلاَةِ أَوْ نِصْفَ الصَّلاَةِ وَالصَّوْمَ عَنِ الْمُسَافِرِ وَعَنِ الْمُرْضِعِ أَوِ الْحُبْلَى وَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ قَالَهُمَا جَمِيعًا أَوْ أَحَدَهُمَا قَالَ فَتَلَهَّفَتْ نَفْسِي أَنْ لاَ أَكُونَ أَكَلْتُ مِنْ طَعَامِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ