47. Tafsīr (Quranic Exegesis)

٤٧۔ كتاب تفسير القرآن

47.1 What Has Been Related About The One Who Interprets The Quran According To His Own Opinion

٤٧۔١ باب مَا جَاءَ فِي الَّذِي يُفَسِّرُ الْقُرْآنَ بِرَأْيِهِ

tirmidhi:2950Maḥmūd b. Ghaylān > Bishr b. al-Sarī > Sufyān > ʿAbd al-Aʿlá > Saʿīd b. Jubayr > Ibn ʿAbbās

that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Whoever says (something) about the Qur'an without knowledge, then let him take his seat in the Fire."  

Abū ʿĪsá said that this Ḥadīth is Ḥasan-Ṣaḥīḥ.
الترمذي:٢٩٥٠حَدَّثَنَا مَحْمُودُ بْنُ غَيْلاَنَ حَدَّثَنَا بِشْرُ بْنُ السَّرِيِّ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ عَنْ عَبْدِ الأَعْلَى عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ؓ قَالَ

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَنْ قَالَ فِي الْقُرْآنِ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ فَلْيَتَبَوَّأْ مَقْعَدَهُ مِنَ النَّارِ  

قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ
tirmidhi:2951Sufyān b. Wakīʿ > Sūwayd b. ʿAmr al-Kalbī > Abū ʿAwānah > ʿAbd al-Aʿlá > Saʿīd b. Jubayr > Ibn ʿAbbās

that the Prophet ﷺ said: "Beware of narrating from me except what I taught you, for whoever lies about me on purpose, then let him take his seat in the Fire. And whoever says (something) about the Qur'an according to his (own) opinion, then let him take his seat in the Fire."  

Abū ʿĪsá said that this Ḥadīth is Ḥasan.
الترمذي:٢٩٥١حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ وَكِيعٍ حَدَّثَنَا سُوَيْدُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو الْكَلْبِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الأَعْلَى عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ اتَّقُوا الْحَدِيثَ عَنِّي إِلاَّ مَا عَلِمْتُمْ فَمَنْ كَذَبَ عَلَىَّ مُتَعَمِّدًا فَلْيَتَبَوَّأْ مَقْعَدَهُ مِنَ النَّارِ وَمَنْ قَالَ فِي الْقُرْآنِ بِرَأْيِهِ فَلْيَتَبَوَّأْ مَقْعَدَهُ مِنَ النَّارِ  

قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ
tirmidhi:2952ʿAbd b. Ḥumayd > Ḥabbān b. Hilāl > Suhayl b. ʿAbdullāh / Ibn Abū Ḥazm Akhū Ḥazm al-Quṭaʿī > Abū ʿImrān al-Jawnī > Jundub b. ʿAbdullāh

that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Whoever says (something) about the Qur'an according to his own opinion and he is correct, yet he has committed a mistake." This Hadith is Gharib. Some of the people of Hadith have criticized Suhail bin Abi Hazm. [Imam At-Tirmidhi said:] This is how it has been reported from some of the people of knowledge among the Companions of the Prophet ﷺ, and others. They were very stern about this - about explaining the Qur'an without knowledge. As for what has been related from Mujãhid, Qatadah and others, among the people of knowledge, that they would interpret the Qur'an, then it should not be thought about them that they would say something about the Qur'an, or interpret it without knowledge, or according to their own intellect. Rather that which proves what we have said has been reported from them, that they would not say something from themselves without knowledge. Husain bin Mahdi Al-Basri narrated to us (he said: AbdurRazzaq narrated to us, from Ma'mar, from Qatadah who said): "There is no Ayah in the Qur'an except that I have heard something about it." Ibn Abi 'Umar narrated to us (he said): "Sufyan bin 'Uyainah narrated to us, from Al-A'mash who said: 'Mujãhid said: If you recited the recitation of Ibn Mas'ud, you would not need to ask Ibn 'Abbãs about much of what you ask him regarding the Qur'an."  

الترمذي:٢٩٥٢حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ حَدَّثَنَا حَبَّانُ بْنُ هِلاَلٍ حَدَّثَنَا سُهَيْلُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَهُوَ ابْنُ أَبِي حَزْمٍ أَخُو حَزْمٍ الْقُطَعِيِّ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عِمْرَانَ الْجَوْنِيُّ عَنْ جُنْدُبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ قَالَ

رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَنْ قَالَ فِي الْقُرْآنِ بِرَأْيِهِ فَأَصَابَ فَقَدْ أَخْطَأَ  

قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ غَرِيبٌ وَقَدْ تَكَلَّمَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ فِي سُهَيْلِ بْنِ أَبِي حَزْمٍ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَكَذَا رُوِيَ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَغَيْرِهِمْ أَنَّهُمْ شَدَّدُوا فِي هَذَا فِي أَنْ يُفَسَّرَ الْقُرْآنُ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ وَأَمَّا الَّذِي رُوِيَ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ وَقَتَادَةَ وَغَيْرِهِمَا مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ أَنَّهُمْ فَسَّرُوا الْقُرْآنَ فَلَيْسَ الظَّنُّ بِهِمْ أَنَّهُمْ قَالُوا فِي الْقُرْآنِ أَوْ فَسَّرُوهُ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ أَوْ مِنْ قِبَلِ أَنْفُسِهِمْ وَقَدْ رُوِيَ عَنْهُمْ مَا يَدُلُّ عَلَى مَا قُلْنَا أَنَّهُمْ لَمْ يَقُولُوا مِنْ قِبَلِ أَنْفُسِهِمْ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ حَدَّثَنَا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ الْبَصْرِيُّ أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ قَالَ مَا فِي الْقُرْآنِ آيَةٌ إِلاَّ وَقَدْ سَمِعْتُ فِيهَا بِشَيْءٍ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي عُمَرَ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ قَالَ قَالَ مُجَاهِدٌ لَوْ كُنْتُ قَرَأْتُ قِرَاءَةَ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ لَمْ أَحْتَجْ إِلَى أَنْ أَسْأَلَ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ عَنْ كَثِيرٍ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ مِمَّا سَأَلْتُ