24. Gifts
٢٤۔ كتاب الهبات
I have donated this slave of mine to my son. Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Have you donated to every one of your sons (a slave) like this? He said: No. Thereupon Messenger of Allah (may peace he upon him) said: Then take him back.
أَنَّهُ قَالَ إِنَّ أَبَاهُ أَتَى بِهِ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ إِنِّي نَحَلْتُ ابْنِي هَذَا غُلاَمًا كَانَ لِي فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَكُلَّ وَلَدِكَ نَحَلْتَهُ مِثْلَ هَذَا فَقَالَ لاَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَارْجِعْهُ
My father brought me to Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said: I have donated this slave to my son. whereupon he said: Have you made (such) donation to every one or your sons? He said: No. Thereupon he (the-Holy Prophet) said: Then take him back.
أَتَى بِي أَبِي إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ إِنِّي نَحَلْتُ ابْنِي هَذَا غُلاَمًا فَقَالَ أَكُلَّ بَنِيكَ نَحَلْتَ قَالَ لاَ قَالَ فَارْدُدْهُ
This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Zuhri with different chains of transmitters and a slight variation of words.
عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ بِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ أَمَّا يُونُسُ وَمَعْمَرٌ فَفِي حَدِيثِهِمَا أَكُلَّ بَنِيكَ وَفِي حَدِيثِ اللَّيْثِ وَابْنِ عُيَيْنَةَ أَكُلَّ وَلَدِكَ وَرِوَايَةُ اللَّيْثِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ وَحُمَيْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ أَنَّ بَشِيرًا جَاءَ بِالنُّعْمَانِ
Who is this slave (how have you come to possess it)? Thereupon he (Nu'man b. Bashir) said: My father has donated it to me, whereupon he said: Have all brothers (of yours) been given this gift as given to you? He said: No. Thereupon he (the Holy Prophet) said: Then return him.
لَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ مَا هَذَا الْغُلاَمُ قَالَ أَعْطَانِيهِ أَبِي قَالَ فَكُلَّ إِخْوَتِهِ أَعْطَيْتَهُ كَمَا أَعْطَيْتَ هَذَا قَالَ لاَ قَالَ فَرُدَّهُ
My father donated to me some of his property. My mother Amra bint Rawaha said: I shall not be pleased (with this act) until you make Messenger of Allah ﷺ a witness to it. My father went to Allah's Apostle ﷺ in order to make him the witness of the donation given to me. Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to him: Have you done the same with every son of yours? He said: No. Thereupon he (the Holy Prophet) said: Fear Allah, and observe equity in case of your children. My father returned and got back the gift.
أُمِّي عَمْرَةُ بِنْتُ رَوَاحَةَ لاَ أَرْضَى حَتَّى تُشْهِدَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَانْطَلَقَ أَبِي إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ لِيُشْهِدَهُ عَلَى صَدَقَتِي فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَفَعَلْتَ هَذَا بِوَلَدِكَ كُلِّهِمْ قَالَ لاَ قَالَ اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَاعْدِلُوا فِي أَوْلاَدِكُمْ فَرَجَعَ أَبِي فَرَدَّ تِلْكَ الصَّدَقَةَ
I shall not be pleased unless you call Messenger of Allah ﷺ as witness to what you confer as a gift on your son. (Nu'man said): So father took hold of my hand and I was at that time a boy, and came to Messenger of Allah ﷺ. and said: Messenger of Allah, the mother of this son (of mine), daughter of Rawaha wishes that I should call you witness to what I confer as gift to her son. Messenger of Allah (may pease be upon him) said: Bashir, have you any other son besides this (son of yours)? He said: Yes. He (the Holy Prophet) said: Have you given gifts to all of them like this? He said: No. Thereupon he (the Holy Prophet) said: Then call me not as witness, for I cannot be witness to an injustice.
أَنَّ أُمَّهُ بِنْتَ رَوَاحَةَ سَأَلَتْ أَبَاهُ بَعْضَ الْمَوْهِبَةِ مِنْ مَالِهِ لاِبْنِهَا فَالْتَوَى بِهَا سَنَةً ثُمَّ بَدَا لَهُ فَقَالَتْ لاَ أَرْضَى حَتَّى تُشْهِدَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَى مَا وَهَبْتَ لاِبْنِي فَأَخَذَ أَبِي بِيَدِي وَأَنَا يَوْمَئِذٍ غُلاَمٌ فَأَتَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ أُمَّ هَذَا بِنْتَ رَوَاحَةَ أَعْجَبَهَا أَنْ أُشْهِدَكَ عَلَى الَّذِي وَهَبْتُ لاِبْنِهَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَا بَشِيرُ أَلَكَ وَلَدٌ سِوَى هَذَا قَالَ نَعَمْ فَقَالَ أَكُلَّهُمْ وَهَبْتَ لَهُ مِثْلَ هَذَا قَالَ لاَ قَالَ فَلاَ تُشْهِدْنِي إِذًا فَإِنِّي لاَ أَشْهَدُ عَلَى جَوْرٍ
Have you, besides him, other sons? He said: Yes. Thereupon he (the Holy Prophet) said: Have you given gifts to all of them like this (as you have given to Nu'man)? He said: No. Thereupon he (the Holy Prophet) said: I cannot bear witness to an injustice.
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ أَلَكَ بَنُونَ سِوَاهُ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَكُلَّهُمْ أَعْطَيْتَ مِثْلَ هَذَا قَالَ لاَ قَالَ فَلاَ أَشْهَدُ عَلَى جَوْرٍ
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ لأَبِيهِ لاَ تُشْهِدْنِي عَلَى جَوْرٍ
My father took me to Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said: Messenger of Allah, bear witness that I have given such and such gift to Nu'man from my property, whereupon he (the Holy Prophet) said: Have you conferred upon all of your sons as you have conferred upon Nu'man? He said: No. Thereupon he (the Holy Prophet) said: Call someone else besides me as a witness. And he further said: Would it, please you that they (your children) should all behave virtuously towards you? He said: Yes. He (the Holy Prophet) said: Then don't do that (i e. don't give gift to one to the exclusion of others).
انْطَلَقَ بِي أَبِي يَحْمِلُنِي إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ اشْهَدْ أَنِّي قَدْ نَحَلْتُ النُّعْمَانَ كَذَا وَكَذَا مِنْ مَالِي فَقَالَ أَكُلَّ بَنِيكَ قَدْ نَحَلْتَ مِثْلَ مَا نَحَلْتَ النُّعْمَانَ قَالَ لاَ قَالَ فَأَشْهِدْ عَلَى هَذَا غَيْرِي ثُمَّ قَالَ أَيَسُرُّكَ أَنْ يَكُونُوا إِلَيْكَ فِي الْبِرِّ سَوَاءً قَالَ بَلَى قَالَ فَلاَ إِذًا
My father conferred a gift upon me, and then brought me to Messenger of Allah ﷺ to make him a witness (to it). He (the Holy Prophet) said: Have you given such gift to every son of yours (as you have given to Nu'man)? He said: No. Thereupon he (the Holy Prophet) said: Don't you expect goodness from them as you expect from him? He said: Yes. of course. He (the Holy Prophet) said: I am not going to bear witness to it (as it is injustice). Ibn Aun (one of the narrators) said: I narrated this hadith to Muhammad (the other narrator) who said: Verily we narrated that lie (the Holy Prophet) had said: Observe equity amongst your children.
نَحَلَنِي أَبِي نُحْلاً ثُمَّ أَتَى بِي إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ لِيُشْهِدَهُ فَقَالَ أَكُلَّ وَلَدِكَ أَعْطَيْتَهُ هَذَا قَالَ لاَ قَالَ أَلَيْسَ تُرِيدُ مِنْهُمُ الْبِرَّ مِثْلَ مَا تُرِيدُ مِنْ ذَا قَالَ بَلَى قَالَ فَإِنِّي لاَ أَشْهَدُ قَالَ ابْنُ عَوْنٍ فَحَدَّثْتُ بِهِ مُحَمَّدًا فَقَالَ إِنَّمَا تَحَدَّثْنَا أَنَّهُ قَالَ قَارِبُوا بَيْنَ أَوْلاَدِكُمْ
Give to my son your slave as a gift, and make for me Messenger of Allah ﷺ a witness He came to Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said: The daughter of so and so (his wife Amra bint Rawaha) asked me to give my slave as a gift to her son, and call for me Messenger of Allah ﷺ as a witness. Thereupon he (the Holy Prophet) said: Has he (Nu'man) brothers? He (Bashir) said: Yes. He (further) said: Have you given to all others as you have given to him? He said: No. He said: Then it is not fair; and verily I cannot bear witness but only to what is just.
قَالَتِ امْرَأَةُ بَشِيرٍ انْحَلِ ابْنِي غُلاَمَكَ وَأَشْهِدْ لِي رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَتَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ إِنَّ ابْنَةَ فُلاَنٍ سَأَلَتْنِي أَنْ أَنْحَلَ ابْنَهَا غُلاَمِي وَقَالَتْ أَشْهِدْ لِي رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ أَلَهُ إِخْوَةٌ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ أَفَكُلَّهُمْ أَعْطَيْتَ مِثْلَ مَا أَعْطَيْتَهُ قَالَ لاَ قَالَ فَلَيْسَ يَصْلُحُ هَذَا وَإِنِّي لاَ أَشْهَدُ إِلاَّ عَلَى حَقٍّ