16. Nikāḥ (Marriage)
١٦۔ كتاب النكاح
A woman without a husband (or divorced or a widow) must not be married until she is consulted, and a virgin must not be married until her permission is sought. They asked the Prophet of Allah ﷺ: How her (virgin's) consent can be solicited? He (the Holy Prophet) said: That she keeps silence.
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ لاَ تُنْكَحُ الأَيِّمُ حَتَّى تُسْتَأْمَرَ وَلاَ تُنْكَحُ الْبِكْرُ حَتَّى تُسْتَأْذَنَ قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَكَيْفَ إِذْنُهَا قَالَ أَنْ تَسْكُتَ
This hadith has been narrated through another chain of transmitters.
عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ بِمِثْلِ مَعْنَى حَدِيثِ هِشَامٍ وَإِسْنَادِهِ وَاتَّفَقَ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ هِشَامٍ وَشَيْبَانَ وَمُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ سَلاَّمٍ فِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ
I asked Messenger of Allah ﷺ about a virgin whose marriage is solemnised by her guardian, whether it was necessary or not to consult her. Allah's Messerger ﷺ said: Yes, she must be consulted. 'A'isha reported: I told him that she feels shy, whereupon Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Her silence implies her consent.
سَمِعْتُ عَائِشَةَ تَقُولُ سَأَلْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنِ الْجَارِيَةِ يُنْكِحُهَا أَهْلُهَا أَتُسْتَأْمَرُ أَمْ لاَ فَقَالَ لَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَعَمْ تُسْتَأْمَرُ فَقَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ فَإِنَّهَا تَسْتَحْيِي فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَذَلِكَ إِذْنُهَا إِذَا هِيَ سَكَتَتْ
A woman without a husband has more right to her person than her guardian, and a virgin's consent must be asked from her, and her silence implies her consent.
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ الأَيِّمُ أَحَقُّ بِنَفْسِهَا مِنْ وَلِيِّهَا وَالْبِكْرُ تُسْتَأْذَنُ فِي نَفْسِهَا وَإِذْنُهَا صُمَاتُهَا قَالَ نَعَمْ
A woman who has been previously married (Thayyib) has more right to her person than her guardian. And a virgin should also be consulted, and her silence implies her consent.
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ الثَّيِّبُ أَحَقُّ بِنَفْسِهَا مِنْ وَلِيِّهَا وَالْبِكْرُ تُسْتَأْمَرُ وَإِذْنُهَا سُكُوتُهَا
A woman who has been previously married (Thayyib) has more right to her person than her guardian; and a virgin's father must ask her consent from her, her consent being her silence, At times he said: Her silence is her affirmation.
وَقَالَ الثَّيِّبُ أَحَقُّ بِنَفْسِهَا مِنْ وَلِيِّهَا وَالْبِكْرُ يَسْتَأْذِنُهَا أَبُوهَا فِي نَفْسِهَا وَإِذْنُهَا صُمَاتُهَا وَرُبَّمَا قَالَ وَصَمْتُهَا إِقْرَارُهَا