12. Zakāh (Ritual Charity)

١٢۔ كتاب الزكاة

12.13 The virtue of spending on one's family and slaves, and the sin of the one who neglects them or withholds maintenance from them

١٢۔١٣ باب فَضْلِ النَّفَقَةِ عَلَى الْعِيَالِ وَالْمَمْلُوكِ وَإِثْمِ مَنْ ضَيَّعَهُمْ أَوْ حَبَسَ نَفَقَتَهُمْ عَنْهُمْ

muslim:994Abū al-Rabīʿ al-Zahrānī And Qutaybah b. Saʿīd > Ḥammād b. Zayd > Abū al-Rabīʿ > Ḥammād > Ayyūb > Abū Qilābah > Abū Asmāʾ > Thawbān

The most excellent dinar is one that a person spends on his family, and the dinar which he spends on his animal in Allah's path, and the dinar he spends on his companions in Allah's path. Abu Qilaba (one of the narrators) said: He (the narrator) started with family, and then Abu Qilaba said: Who is the person with greater reward than a person who spends on young members of his family (and thus) preserves (saves them from want) (and by virtue of which) Allah brings profit for them and makes them rich.  

مسلم:٩٩٤حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الرَّبِيعِ الزَّهْرَانِيُّ وَقُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ كِلاَهُمَا عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ قَالَ أَبُو الرَّبِيعِ حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادٌ حَدَّثَنَا أَيُّوبُ عَنْ أَبِي قِلاَبَةَ عَنْ أَبِي أَسْمَاءَ عَنْ ثَوْبَانَ قَالَ

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَفْضَلُ دِينَارٍ يُنْفِقُهُ الرَّجُلُ دِينَارٌ يُنْفِقُهُ عَلَى عِيَالِهِ وَدِينَارٌ يُنْفِقُهُ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى دَابَّتِهِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَدِينَارٌ يُنْفِقُهُ عَلَى أَصْحَابِهِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ قَالَ أَبُو قِلاَبَةَ وَبَدَأَ بِالْعِيَالِ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَبُو قِلاَبَةَ وَأَىُّ رَجُلٍ أَعْظَمُ أَجْرًا مِنْ رَجُلٍ يُنْفِقُ عَلَى عِيَالٍ صِغَارٍ يُعِفُّهُمْ أَوْ يَنْفَعُهُمُ اللَّهُ بِهِ وَيُغْنِيهِمْ  

muslim:995Abū Bakr b. Abū Shaybah And Zuhayr b. Ḥarb Waʾabū Kurayb Wa-al-Lafẓ Lʾabī Kurayb > Wakīʿ > Sufyān > Muzāḥim b. Zufar > Mujāhid > Abū Hurayrah

Of the dinar you spend as a contribution in Allah's path, or to set free a slave, or as a sadaqa given to a needy, or to support your family, the one yielding the greatest reward is that which you spent on your family.  

مسلم:٩٩٥حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ وَزُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ وَأَبُو كُرَيْبٍ وَاللَّفْظُ لأَبِي كُرَيْبٍ قَالُوا حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ عَنْ مُزَاحِمِ بْنِ زُفَرَ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ دِينَارٌ أَنْفَقْتَهُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَدِينَارٌ أَنْفَقْتَهُ فِي رَقَبَةٍ وَدِينَارٌ تَصَدَّقْتَ بِهِ عَلَى مِسْكِينٍ وَدِينَارٌ أَنْفَقْتَهُ عَلَى أَهْلِكَ أَعْظَمُهَا أَجْرًا الَّذِي أَنْفَقْتَهُ عَلَى أَهْلِكَ  

muslim:996Saʿīd b. Muḥammad al-Jarmī > ʿAbd al-Raḥman b. ʿAbd al-Malik b. Abjar al-Kinānī from his father > Ṭalḥah b. Muṣarrif > Khaythamah

While we were sitting in the company of 'Abdullah b. 'Umar there came in his steward. He (Ibn 'Umar) said: Have you supplied the provision to the slaves? He said: No. Upon this he said: Go and give (the provision) to them, for the Messenger of Allah ﷺ has said: This sin is enough for a man that he withholds the subsistence from one whose master he is.  

مسلم:٩٩٦حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْجَرْمِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ أَبْجَرَ الْكِنَانِيُّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ مُصَرِّفٍ عَنْ خَيْثَمَةَ قَالَ كُنَّا جُلُوسًا مَعَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو إِذْ جَاءَهُ قَهْرَمَانٌ لَهُ فَدَخَلَ فَقَالَ أَعْطَيْتَ الرَّقِيقَ قُوتَهُمْ قَالَ لاَ قَالَ فَانْطَلِقْ فَأَعْطِهِمْ قَالَ

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ كَفَى بِالْمَرْءِ إِثْمًا أَنْ يَحْبِسَ عَمَّنْ يَمْلِكُ قُوتَهُ