35. The Book of Sacrifices
٣٥۔ كتاب الأضاحى
On the day of Nahr the Prophet ﷺ offered the prayer and delivered the Khutba and then slaughtered the sacrifice and said, "Anybody who slaughtered (his sacrifice) before the prayer should slaughter another animal in lieu of it, and the one who has not yet slaughtered should slaughter the sacrifice mentioning Allah's name on it."
صَلَّى النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَوْمَ النَّحْرِ ثُمَّ خَطَبَ ثُمَّ ذَبَحَ فَقَالَ مَنْ ذَبَحَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ فَلْيَذْبَحْ أُخْرَى مَكَانَهَا وَمَنْ لَمْ يَذْبَحْ فَلْيَذْبَحْ بِاسْمِ اللَّهِ
An uncle of mine called Abu Burda, slaughtered his sacrifice before the ʿId prayer. So Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to him, "Your (slaughtered) sheep was just mutton (not a sacrifice)." Abu Burda said, "O Allah's Apostle! I have got a domestic kid goat." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Slaughter it (as a sacrifice) but it will not be permissible for anybody other than you" The Prophet ﷺ added, "Whoever slaughtered his sacrifice before the (ʿId) prayer, he only slaughtered for himself, and whoever slaughtered it after the prayer, he offered his sacrifice properly and followed the tradition of the Muslims."
لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ شَاتُكَ شَاةُ لَحْمٍ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ عِنْدِي دَاجِنًا جَذَعَةً مِنَ الْمَعَزِ قَالَ اذْبَحْهَا وَلَنْ تَصْلُحَ لِغَيْرِكَ ثُمَّ قَالَ مَنْ ذَبَحَ قَبْلَ الصَّلاَةِ فَإِنَّمَا يَذْبَحُ لِنَفْسِهِ وَمَنْ ذَبَحَ بَعْدَ الصَّلاَةِ فَقَدْ تَمَّ نُسُكُهُ وَأَصَابَ سُنَّةَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ
The Prophet ﷺ said, "Whoever slaughtered (his sacrifice) before the ʿId prayer, should slaughter again." A man stood up and said, "This is the day on which one has desire for meat," and he mentioned something about his neighbors. It seemed that the Prophet ﷺ I believed him. Then the same man added, "I have a young she-goat which is dearer to me than the meat of two sheep." The Prophet ﷺ permitted him to slaughter it as a sacrifice. I do not know whether that permission was valid only for him or for others as well.
قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ مَنْ ذَبَحَ قَبْلَ الصَّلاَةِ فَلْيُعِدْ فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ هَذَا يَوْمٌ يُشْتَهَى فِيهِ اللَّحْمُ وَذَكَرَ مِنْ جِيرَانِهِ فَكَأَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ صَدَّقَهُ قَالَ وَعِنْدِي جَذَعَةٌ أَحَبُّ إِلَىَّ مِنْ شَاتَىْ لَحْمٍ فَرَخَّصَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَلاَ أَدْرِي أَبَلَغَتِ الرُّخْصَةُ مَنْ سِوَاهُ أَمْ لاَ
that the Prophet ﷺ had given him sheep to distribute among his companions and a male kid was left (after the distribution). When he informed the Prophet ﷺ of it, he said (to him), "Offer it as a sacrifice on your behalf."
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ أَعْطَاهُ غَنَمًا يَقْسِمُهَا عَلَى صَحَابَتِهِ فَبَقِيَ عَتُودٌ فَذَكَرَهُ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ: «ضَحِّ بِهِ أَنْتَ۔»
35.3 It is recommended to select a good animal for the sacrifice and to slaughter it oneself, not delegating it to anyone else, and to say the name of Allah, and to say the Takbir
٣٥۔٣ باب اسْتِحْبَابِ الضَّحِيَّةِ وَذَبْحِهَا مُبَاشَرَةً بِلاَ تَوْكِيلٍ وَالتَّسْمِيَةِ وَالتَّكْبِيرِ
The Prophet ﷺ offered as sacrifices, two horned rams, black and white in color. He slaughtered them with his own hands and mentioned Allah's Name over them and said Takbir and put his foot on their sides.
ضَحَّى النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِكَبْشَيْنِ أَمْلَحَيْنِ أَقْرَنَيْنِ ذَبَحَهُمَا بِيَدِهِ وَسَمَّى وَكَبَّرَ وَوَضَعَ رِجْلَهُ عَلَى صِفَاحِهِمَا
35.4 The permissibility of slaughtering with anything that makes the blood flow, except teeth and other bones
٣٥۔٤ باب جَوَازِ الذَّبْحِ بِكُلِّ مَا أَنْهَرَ الدَّمَ إِلاَّ السِّنَّ وَالظُّفُرَ وَسَائِرَ الْعِظَامِ
I said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! We are going to face the enemy tomorrow and we do not have knives." He said, "Hurry up (in killing the animal). If the killing tool causes blood to flow out, and if Allah's Name is mentioned, eat (of the slaughtered animal). But do not slaughter with a tooth or a nail. I will tell you why: As for the tooth, it is a bone; and as for the nail, it is the knife of Ethiopians." Then we got some camels and sheep as war booty, and one of those camels ran away, whereupon a man shot it with an arrow and stopped it. Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Of these camels there are some which are as wild as wild beasts, so if one of them (runs away and) makes you tired, treat it in this manner."
قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّا لاَقُو الْعَدُوِّ غَدًا وَلَيْسَتْ مَعَنَا مُدًى فَقَالَ اعْجَلْ أَوْ أَرِنْ مَا أَنْهَرَ الدَّمَ وَذُكِرَ اسْمُ اللَّهِ فَكُلْ لَيْسَ السِّنَّ وَالظُّفُرَ وَسَأُحَدِّثُكَ أَمَّا السِّنُّ فَعَظْمٌ وَأَمَّا الظُّفُرُ فَمُدَى الْحَبَشَةِ وَأَصَبْنَا نَهْبَ إِبِلٍ وَغَنَمٍ فَنَدَّ مِنْهَا بَعِيرٌ فَرَمَاهُ رَجُلٌ بِسَهْمٍ فَحَبَسَهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِنَّ لِهَذِهِ الإِبِلِ أَوَابِدَ كَأَوَابِدِ الْوَحْشِ فَإِذَا غَلَبَكُمْ مِنْهَا شَىْءٌ فَافْعَلُوا بِهِ هَكَذَا
My grandfather said, "We were in the company of the Prophet ﷺ at Dhul-Hulaifa. The people felt hungry and captured some camels and sheep (as booty). The Prophet ﷺ was behind the people. They hurried and slaughtered the animals and put their meat in pots and started cooking it. (When the Prophet came) he ordered the pots to be upset and then he distributed the animals (of the booty), regarding ten sheep as equal to one camel. One of the camels fled and the people ran after it till they were exhausted. At that time there were few horses. A man threw an arrow at the camel, and Allah stopped the camel with it. The Prophet ﷺ said, "Some of these animals are like wild animals, so if you lose control over one of these animals, treat it in this way (i.e. shoot it with an arrow)." Before distributing them among the soldiers my grandfather said, "We may meet the enemies in the future and have no knives; can we slaughter the animals with reeds?" The Prophet ﷺ said, "Use whatever causes blood to flow, and eat the animals if the name of Allah has been mentioned on slaughtering them. Do not slaughter with teeth or fingernails and I will tell you why: It is because teeth are bones (i.e. cannot cut properly) and fingernails are the tools used by the Ethiopians (whom we should not imitate for they are infidels).
كُنَّا مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِذِي الْحُلَيْفَةِ فَأَصَابَ النَّاسَ جُوعٌ فَأَصَابُوا إِبِلاً وَغَنَمًا قَالَ وَكَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فِي أُخْرَيَاتِ الْقَوْمِ فَعَجِلُوا وَذَبَحُوا وَنَصَبُوا الْقُدُورَ فَأَمَرَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِالْقُدُورِ فَأُكْفِئَتْ ثُمَّ قَسَمَ فَعَدَلَ عَشْرَةً مِنَ الْغَنَمِ بِبَعِيرٍ فَنَدَّ مِنْهَا بَعِيرٌ فَطَلَبُوهُ فَأَعْيَاهُمْ وَكَانَ فِي الْقَوْمِ خَيْلٌ يَسِيرَةٌ فَأَهْوَى رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ بِسَهْمٍ فَحَبَسَهُ اللَّهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ لِهَذِهِ الْبَهَائِمِ أَوَابِدَ كَأَوَابِدِ الْوَحْشِ فَمَا غَلَبَكُمْ مِنْهَا فَاصْنَعُوا بِهِ هَكَذَا فَقَالَ جَدِّي إِنَّا نَرْجُو أَوْ نَخَافُ الْعَدُوَّ غَدًا وَلَيْسَتْ مَعَنَا مُدًى أَفَنَذْبَحُ بِالْقَصَبِ قَالَ مَا أَنْهَرَ الدَّمَ وَذُكِرَ اسْمُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ فَكُلُوهُ لَيْسَ السِّنَّ وَالظُّفُرَ وَسَأُحَدِّثُكُمْ عَنْ ذَلِكَ أَمَّا السِّنُّ فَعَظْمٌ وَأَمَّا الظُّفُرُ فَمُدَى الْحَبَشَةِ
ʿAbdullah bin ʿUmar said, "Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Eat of the meat of sacrifices (of ʿId al Adha) for three days." When ʿAbdullah departed from Mina, he used to eat (bread with) oil, lest he should eat of the meat of Hadi (which is regarded as unlawful after the three days of the ʿId).
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ كُلُوا مِنَ الأَضَاحِيِّ ثَلاَثًا وَكَانَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ يَأْكُلُ بِالزَّيْتِ حِينَ يَنْفِرُ مِنْ مِنًى مِنْ أَجْلِ لُحُومِ الْهَدْىِ
We used to salt some of the meat of sacrifice and present it to the Prophet ﷺ at Medina. Once he said, "Do not eat (of that meat) for more than three days." That was not a final order, but (that year) he wanted us to feed of it to others, Allah knows better.
قَالَتِ الضَّحِيَّةُ كُنَّا نُمَلِّحُ مِنْهُ فَنَقْدَمُ بِهِ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِالْمَدِينَةِ فَقَالَ لاَ تَأْكُلُوا إِلاَّ ثَلاَثَةَ أَيَّامٍ وَلَيْسَتْ بِعَزِيمَةٍ وَلَكِنْ أَرَادَ أَنْ يُطْعِمَ مِنْهُ وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ
ʿAta' said, "I heard Jabir bin ʿAbdullah saying, 'We never ate the meat of the Budn for more than three days of Mina. Later, the Prophet ﷺ gave us permission by saying: 'Eat and take (meat) with you. So we ate (some) and took (some) with us.' " I asked ʿAta', "Did Jabir say (that they went on eating the meat) till they reached Medina?" ʿAta' replied, "No."
سَمِعَ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ؓ يَقُولُ كُنَّا لاَ نَأْكُلُ مِنْ لُحُومِ بُدْنِنَا فَوْقَ ثَلاَثِ مِنًى فَرَخَّصَ لَنَا النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَقَالَ كُلُوا وَتَزَوَّدُوا فَأَكَلْنَا وَتَزَوَّدْنَا قُلْتُ لِعَطَاءٍ أَقَالَ حَتَّى جِئْنَا الْمَدِينَةَ قَالَ لاَ
The Prophet ﷺ said, "Whoever has slaughtered a sacrifice should not keep anything of Its meat after three days." When it was the next year the people said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! Shall we do as we did last year?" He said, ' Eat of it and feed of it to others and store of it for in that year the people were having a hard time and I wanted you to help (the needy).
قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ مَنْ ضَحَّى مِنْكُمْ فَلاَ يُصْبِحَنَّ بَعْدَ ثَالِثَةٍ وَفِي بَيْتِهِ مِنْهُ شَىْءٌ فَلَمَّا كَانَ الْعَامُ الْمُقْبِلُ قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ نَفْعَلُ كَمَا فَعَلْنَا عَامَ الْمَاضِي قَالَ كُلُوا وَأَطْعِمُوا وَادَّخِرُوا فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ الْعَامَ كَانَ بِالنَّاسِ جَهْدٌ فَأَرَدْتُ أَنْ تُعِينُوا فِيهَا
35.6 Fara' and 'Atirah
٣٥۔٦ باب الْفَرَعِ وَالْعَتِيرَةِ
The Prophet ﷺ said, "Neither Fara' nor 'Atira (is permissible):" Al-Fara' nor 'Atira (is permissible):" Al- Fara' was the first offspring (of camels or sheep) which the pagans used to offer (as a sacrifice) to their idols. And Al-ʿAtira was (a sheep which was to be slaughtered) during the month of Rajab.
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ لاَ فَرَعَ وَلاَ عَتِيرَةَ وَالْفَرَعُ أَوَّلُ النِّتَاجِ كَانُوا يَذْبَحُونَهُ لَطِوَاغِيتِهِمْ وَالْعَتِيرَةُ فِي رَجَبٍ