49. Manumission of Slaves

٤٩۔ كتاب العتق

49.13 Whoever possessed Arab slaves

٤٩۔١٣ باب مَنْ مَلَكَ مِنَ الْعَرَبِ رَقِيقًا فَوَهَبَ وَبَاعَ وَجَامَعَ وَفَدَى وَسَبَى الذُّرِّيَّةَ

[Machine] And His saying, may He be exalted: "Allah presents an example of a slave [who is] owned and unable to do a thing and he to whom We have provided from Us good provision, so he spends from it secretly and publicly. Can they be equal? Praise to Allah! But most of them do not know."

وَقَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: {ضَرَبَ اللَّهُ مَثَلاً عَبْدًا مَمْلُوكًا لاَ يَقْدِرُ عَلَى شَيْءٍ وَمَنْ رَزَقْنَاهُ مِنَّا رِزْقًا حَسَنًا فَهُوَ يُنْفِقُ مِنْهُ سِرًّا وَجَهْرًا هَلْ يَسْتَوُونَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ بَلْ أَكْثَرُهُمْ لاَ يَعْلَمُونَ}.

bukhari:2539Ibn Abū Maryam > al-Layth > ʿUqayl > Ibn Shihāb Dhakar ʿUrwah > Marwān And al-Miswar b. Makhramah Akhbarāh

When the delegates of the tribe of Hawazin came to the Prophet ﷺ and they requested him to return their properties and captives. The Prophet ﷺ stood up and said to them, "I have other people with me in this matter (as you see) and the most beloved statement to me is the true one; you may choose either the properties or the prisoners as I have delayed their distribution." The Prophet ﷺ had waited for them for more than ten days since his arrival from Ta'if. So, when it became evident to them that the Prophet ﷺ was not going to return them except one of the two, they said, "We choose our prisoners." The Prophet got up amongst the people and glorified and praised Allah as He deserved and said, "Then after, these brethren of yours have come to us with repentance, and I see it logical to return them the captives. So, whoever amongst you likes to do that as a favor, then he can do it, and whoever of you likes to stick to his share till we recompense him from the very first war booty which Allah will give us, then he can do so (i.e. give up the present captives)." The people unanimously said, "We do that (return the captives) willingly." The Prophet ﷺ said, "We do not know which of you has agreed to it and which have not, so go back and let your leaders forward us your decision." So, all the people then went back and discussed the matter with their leaders who returned and informed the Prophet ﷺ that all the people had willingly given their consent to return the captives. This is what has reached us about the captives of Hawazin. Narrated Anas that ʿAbbas said to the Prophet, "I paid for my ransom and ʿAqil's ransom."  

البخاري:٢٥٣٩حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي اللَّيْثُ عَنْ عُقَيْلٍ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ ذَكَرَ عُرْوَةُ أَنَّ مَرْوَانَ وَالْمِسْوَرَ بْنَ مَخْرَمَةَ أَخْبَرَاهُ

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَامَ حِينَ جَاءَهُ وَفْدُ هَوَازِنَ فَسَأَلُوهُ أَنْ يَرُدَّ إِلَيْهِمْ أَمْوَالَهُمْ وَسَبْيَهُمْ فَقَالَ إِنَّ مَعِي مَنْ تَرَوْنَ وَأَحَبُّ الْحَدِيثِ إِلَىَّ أَصْدَقُهُ فَاخْتَارُوا إِحْدَى الطَّائِفَتَيْنِ إِمَّا الْمَالَ وَإِمَّا السَّبْىَ وَقَدْ كُنْتُ اسْتَأْنَيْتُ بِهِمْ وَكَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ انْتَظَرَهُمْ بِضْعَ عَشْرَةَ لَيْلَةً حِينَ قَفَلَ مِنَ الطَّائِفِ فَلَمَّا تَبَيَّنَ لَهُمْ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ غَيْرُ رَادٍّ إِلَيْهِمْ إِلاَّ إِحْدَى الطَّائِفَتَيْنِ قَالُوا فَإِنَّا نَخْتَارُ سَبْيَنَا فَقَامَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فِي النَّاسِ فَأَثْنَى عَلَى اللَّهِ بِمَا هُوَ أَهْلُهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنَّ إِخْوَانَكُمْ جَاءُونَا تَائِبِينَ وَإِنِّي رَأَيْتُ أَنْ أَرُدَّ إِلَيْهِمْ سَبْيَهُمْ فَمَنْ أَحَبَّ مِنْكُمْ أَنْ يُطَيِّبَ ذَلِكَ فَلْيَفْعَلْ وَمَنْ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ عَلَى حَظِّهِ حَتَّى نُعْطِيَهُ إِيَّاهُ مِنْ أَوَّلِ مَا يُفِيءُ اللَّهُ عَلَيْنَا فَلْيَفْعَلْ فَقَالَ النَّاسُ طَيَّبْنَا ذَلِكَ قَالَ إِنَّا لاَ نَدْرِي مَنْ أَذِنَ مِنْكُمْ مِمَّنْ لَمْ يَأْذَنْ فَارْجِعُوا حَتَّى يَرْفَعَ إِلَيْنَا عُرَفَاؤُكُمْ أَمْرَكُمْ فَرَجَعَ النَّاسُ فَكَلَّمَهُمْ عُرَفَاؤُهُمْ ثُمَّ رَجَعُوا إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَأَخْبَرُوهُ أَنَّهُمْ طَيَّبُوا وَأَذِنُوا فَهَذَا الَّذِي بَلَغَنَا عَنْ سَبْىِ هَوَازِنَ وَقَالَ أَنَسٌ قَالَ عَبَّاسٌ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَادَيْتُ نَفْسِي وَفَادَيْتُ عَقِيلاً  

bukhari:2541ʿAlī b. al-Ḥasan > ʿAbdullāh > Ibn ʿAwn > Katabt > Nāfiʿ Fakatab Ila

I wrote a letter to Nafiʿ and Nafiʿ wrote in reply to my letter that the Prophet ﷺ had suddenly attacked Bani Mustaliq without warning while they were heedless and their cattle were being watered at the places of water. Their fighting men were killed and their women and children were taken as captives; the Prophet ﷺ got Juwairiya on that day. Nafiʿ said that Ibn ʿUmar had told him the above narration and that Ibn ʿUmar was in that army.  

البخاري:٢٥٤١حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ عَوْنٍ قَالَ كَتَبْتُ إِلَى نَافِعٍ فَكَتَبَ إِلَىَّ

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ أَغَارَ عَلَى بَنِي الْمُصْطَلِقِ وَهُمْ غَارُّونَ وَأَنْعَامُهُمْ تُسْقَى عَلَى الْمَاءِ فَقَتَلَ مُقَاتِلَتَهُمْ وَسَبَى ذَرَارِيَّهُمْ وَأَصَابَ يَوْمَئِذٍ جُوَيْرِيَةَ حَدَّثَنِي بِهِ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ وَكَانَ فِي ذَلِكَ الْجَيْشِ  

bukhari:2542ʿAbdullāh b. Yūsuf > Mālik > Rabīʿah b. Abū ʿAbd al-Raḥman > Muḥammad b. Yaḥyá b. Ḥabbān > Ibn Muḥayrīz > Raʾayt Abū Saʿīd Fasaʾaltuh

I saw Abu Saʿid and asked him about coitus interruptus. Abu Saʿid said, "We went with Allah's Apostle, in the Ghazwa of Bani Al-Mustaliq and we captured some of the 'Arabs as captives, and the long separation from our wives was pressing us hard and we wanted to practice coitus interruptus. We asked Messenger of Allah ﷺ (whether it was permissible). He said, "It is better for you not to do so. No soul, (that which Allah has) destined to exist, up to the Day of Resurrection, but will definitely come, into existence."  

البخاري:٢٥٤٢حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ يُوسُفَ أَخْبَرَنَا مَالِكٌ عَنْ رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى بْنِ حَبَّانَ عَنِ ابْنِ مُحَيْرِيزٍ قَالَ

رَأَيْتُ أَبَا سَعِيدٍ ؓ فَسَأَلْتُهُ فَقَالَ خَرَجْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي غَزْوَةِ بَنِي الْمُصْطَلِقِ فَأَصَبْنَا سَبْيًا مِنْ سَبْىِ الْعَرَبِ فَاشْتَهَيْنَا النِّسَاءَ فَاشْتَدَّتْ عَلَيْنَا الْعُزْبَةُ وَأَحْبَبْنَا الْعَزْلَ فَسَأَلْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ مَا عَلَيْكُمْ أَنْ لاَ تَفْعَلُوا مَا مِنْ نَسَمَةٍ كَائِنَةٍ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ إِلاَّ وَهْىَ كَائِنَةٌ  

bukhari:2543Zuhayr b. Ḥarb > Jarīr > ʿUmārah b. al-Qaʿqāʿ > Abū Zurʿah > Abū Hurayrah > Lā Azāl Uḥib Banī Tamīm > Ibn Salām > Jarīr b. ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd > al-Mughīrah > al-Ḥārith > Abū Zurʿah > Abū Hurayrah > ʿUmārah > Abū Zurʿah > Abū Hurayrah

I have loved the people of the tribe of Bani Tamim ever since I heard, three things, Messenger of Allah ﷺ said about them. I heard him saying, These people (of the tribe of Bani Tamim) would stand firm against Ad-Dajjal." When the Sadaqat (gifts of charity) from that tribe came, Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "These are the Sadaqat (i.e. charitable gifts) of our folk." ʿAisha had a slave-girl from that tribe, and the Prophet ﷺ said to ʿAisha, "Manumit her as she is a descendant of Ishmael (the Prophet).  

البخاري:٢٥٤٣حَدَّثَنَا زُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ حَدَّثَنَا جَرِيرٌ عَنْ عُمَارَةَ بْنِ الْقَعْقَاعِ عَنْ أَبِي زُرْعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ؓ قَالَ لاَ أَزَالُ أُحِبُّ بَنِي تَمِيمٍ وَحَدَّثَنِي ابْنُ سَلاَمٍ أَخْبَرَنَا جَرِيرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ عَنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنِ الْحَارِثِ عَنْ أَبِي زُرْعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَعَنْ عُمَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي زُرْعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ

مَا زِلْتُ أُحِبُّ بَنِي تَمِيمٍ مُنْذُ ثَلاَثٍ سَمِعْتُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ فِيهِمْ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ هُمْ أَشَدُّ أُمَّتِي عَلَى الدَّجَّالِ قَالَ وَجَاءَتْ صَدَقَاتُهُمْ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ هَذِهِ صَدَقَاتُ قَوْمِنَا وَكَانَتْ سَبِيَّةٌ مِنْهُمْ عِنْدَ عَائِشَةَ فَقَالَ أَعْتِقِيهَا فَإِنَّهَا مِنْ وَلَدِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ