[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "The Jews divided into seventy-one or seventy-two sects, and the Christians divided into seventy-one or seventy-two sects, and my nation will divide into seventy-three sects." Abu Sulaiman al-Khattabi, may Allah have mercy on him, said according to what I have heard from him: "His saying, 'my nation will divide into seventy-three sects', indicates that all of these sects are still within the religion, as the Prophet ﷺ made them all part of his nation. It also indicates that the one who interprets (the texts) does not leave the religion, even if he makes a mistake in his interpretation." The scholar, may Allah have mercy on him, said: "And whoever accuses a Muslim, in general terms, of disbelief based on an interpretation, he does not commit disbelief himself by means of this interpretation, nor does he leave the religion. This has already been mentioned in the book of prayer, in the hadith of Jabir ibn Abdullah regarding the incident of the man who left the prayer of Mu'adh ibn Jabal. Mu'adh came to know about it, and a hypocrite mentioned it to the Prophet ﷺ . The Prophet ﷺ did not order Mu'adh to punish him, but rather ordered him to lighten the prayer. We have also narrated in the story of Hatib ibn Abu Balta'ah, when he wrote to the people of Mecca at the time of the conquest, asking Allah to allow them to travel to them (Muhammad) ﷺ with an army. 'Umar said: "O Messenger of Allah, let me strike the neck of this hypocrite." The Prophet ﷺ said: 'He was present at Badr and 'Umar did not deny his participation in it when he was called by that name, because what he did was a clear indication of hypocrisy. Only the one who accuses a Muslim of disbelief without interpretation commits disbelief himself."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ افْتَرَقَتِ الْيَهُودُ عَلَى إِحْدَى أَوْ ثِنْتَيْنِ وَسَبْعِينَ فِرْقَةً وَتَفَرَّقَتِ النَّصَارَى عَلَى إِحْدَى أَوْ ثِنْتَيْنِ وَسَبْعِينَ فِرْقَةً وَتَفْتَرِقُ أُمَّتِي عَلَى ثَلَاثٍ وَسَبْعِينَ فِرْقَةً قَالَ أَبُو سُلَيْمَانَ الْخَطَّابِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ فِيمَا بَلَغَنِي عَنْهُ قَوْلُهُ سَتَفْتَرِقُ أُمَّتِي عَلَى ثَلَاثٍ وَسَبْعِينَ فِرْقَةً فِيهِ دَلَالَةٌ عَلَى أَنَّ هَذِهِ الْفِرَقَ كُلَّهَا غَيْرُ خَارِجِينَ مِنَ الدِّينِ إِذِ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ جَعَلَهُمْ كُلَّهُمْ مِنْ أُمَّتِهِ وَفِيهِ أَنَّ الْمُتَأَوِّلَ لَا يَخْرُجُ مِنَ الْمِلَّةِ وَإِنْ أَخْطَأَ فِي تَأْوِيلِهِ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَمَنْ كَفَّرَ مُسْلِمًا عَلَى الْإِطْلَاقِ بِتَأْوِيلٍ لَمْ يَخْرُجْ بِتَكْفِيرِهِ إِيَّاهُ بِالتَّأْوِيلِ عَنِ الْمِلَّةِ فَقَدْ مَضَى فِي كِتَابِ الصَّلَاةِ فِي حَدِيثِ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ فِي قِصَّةِ الرَّجُلِ الَّذِي خَرَجَ مِنْ صَلَاةِ مُعَاذِ بْنِ جَبَلٍ فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ مُعَاذًا فَقَالَ مُنَافِقٌ ثُمَّ إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ ذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَالنَّبِيُّ ﷺ لَمْ يَزِدْ مُعَاذًا عَلَى أَنْ أَمَرَهُ بِتَخْفِيفِ الصَّلَاةِ وَقَالَ أَفَتَّانٌ أَنْتَ ؟ لِتَطْوِيلِهِ الصَّلَاةَ وَرُوِّينَا فِي قِصَّةِ حَاطِبِ بْنِ أَبِي بَلْتَعَةَ حَيْثُ كَتَبَ إِلَى قُرَيْشٍ بِمَسِيرِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ إِلَيْهِمْ عَامَ الْفَتْحِ أَنَّ عُمَرَ ؓ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ دَعْنِي أَضْرِبْ عُنُقَ هَذَا الْمُنَافِقِ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِنَّهُ قَدْ شَهِدَ بَدْرًا وَلَمْ يُنْكِرْ عَلَى عُمَرَ ؓ تَسْمِيَتَهُ بِذَلِكَ إِذْ كَانَ مَا فَعَلَ عَلَامَةً ظَاهِرَةً عَلَى النِّفَاقِ وَإِنَّمَا يَكْفُرُ مَنْ كَفَّرَ مُسْلِمًا بِغَيْرِ تَأْوِيلٍ