[Machine] In His saying, "Every animal with nails" [Al-An'am 146], He means the camel and ostrich. And in His saying, "except what their backs carry" [Al-An'am 146], it refers to what is attached to the back, such as fat or entrails. And it refers to the livestock that Ibn Abi Najeeh narrated from Mujahid, from his interpretation of "Every animal with nails" and "the backs". It has been mentioned in the authentic hadeeth from Umar ibn Al-Khattab and others from the Prophet ﷺ that he said, "May Allah curse the Jews, the fats have been forbidden upon them, so they sold it and consumed its price." Ash-Shafi'i, may Allah have mercy on him, said that what Allah has forbidden upon the Children of Israel, specifically the Jews, and others generally, remains forbidden since the time when it was made forbidden until Allah sent Muhammad ﷺ and obligated belief in him and made known to him that his religion is Islam, which abrogated all previous religions. He said, "Indeed, the religion in the sight of Allah is Islam" [Al Imran 19], and he revealed to the People of the Scripture from among the polytheists, "Say, 'O People of the Scripture, come to a word that is equitable between us and you'" [Al Imran 64]. He commanded fighting them until they pay the jizyah if they do not embrace Islam. And he revealed regarding them, "Those who follow the Messenger, the unlettered Prophet, whom they find written in what they have of the Torah and the Gospel, who enjoins upon them what is right and forbids them what is wrong and makes lawful for them the good things and prohibits for them the evil and relieves them of their burden and the shackles which were upon them" [Al-A'raf 157]. Ash-Shafi'i, may Allah have mercy on him, said, "It is said that Allah knows best what burdens they have and what they are prevented from with regards to what they invented before the legislation of Muhammad's religion ﷺ."  

فِي قَوْلِهِ {كُلَّ ذِي ظُفُرٍ} [الأنعام 146] قَالَ هُوَ الْبَعِيرُ وَالنَّعَامَةُ وَفِي قَوْلِهِ {إِلَّا مَا حَمَلَتْ ظُهُورُهُمَا} [الأنعام 146] يَعْنِي مَا عَلَقَ بِالظَّهْرِ مِنَ الشَّحْمِ {أَوِ الْحَوَايَا} [الأنعام 146] وَهُوَ الْمَبْعَرُ وَبِمَعْنَاهُ رَوَاهُ ابْنُ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ مِنْ قَوْلِهِ فِي تَفْسِيرِ كُلِّ ذِي ظُفُرٍ والْحَوَايَا وَقَدْ مَضَى فِي الْحَدِيثِ الثَّابِتِ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ وَغَيْرِهِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ قَالَ لَعَنَ اللهُ الْيَهُودَ حُرِّمَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ الشُّحُومُ فَجَمَلُوهَا فَبَاعُوهَا وَأَكَلُوا أَثْمَانَهَا قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ مَا حَرَّمَ اللهُ ﷻ عَلَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ الْيَهُودَ خَاصَّةً وَغَيْرَهُمْ عَامَّةً مُحَرَّمًا مِنْ حِينِ حَرَّمَهُ حَتَّى بَعَثَ اللهُ ﷻ مُحَمَّدًا ﷺ فَفَرَضَ الْإِيمَانَ بِهِ وَأَعْلَمَ خَلْقَهُ أَنَّ دِينَهُ الْإِسْلَامُ الَّذِي نَسْخَ بِهِ كُلَّ دِينٍ قَبْلَهُ فَقَالَ {إِنَّ الدِّينَ عِنْدَ اللهِ الْإِسْلَامُ} [آل عمران 19] وَأَنْزَلَ فِي أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ {قُلْ يَا أَهْلَ الْكِتَابِ تَعَالَوْا إِلَى كَلِمَةٍ سَوَاءٍ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكُمْ} [آل عمران 64] الْآيَةَ وَأَمَرَ بِقِتَالِهِمْ حَتَّى يُعْطُوا الْجِزْيَةَ إِنْ لَمْ يُسْلِمُوا وَأَنْزَلَ فِيهِمْ {الَّذِينَ يَتَّبِعُونَ الرَّسُولَ النَّبِيَّ الْأُمِّيَّ الَّذِي يَجِدُونَهُ مَكْتُوبًا عِنْدَهُمْ فِي التَّوْرَاةِ وَالْإِنْجِيلِ يَأْمُرُهُمْ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَيَنْهَاهُمْ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ وَيُحِلُّ لَهُمُ الطَّيِّبَاتِ وَيُحَرِّمُ عَلَيْهِمُ الْخَبَائِثَ وَيَضَعُ عَنْهُمْ إِصْرَهُمْ وَالْأَغْلَالَ الَّتِي كَانَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ} [الأعراف 157] قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ فَقِيلَ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ أَوْزَارُهُمْ وَمَا مُنِعُوا بِمَا أَحْدَثُوا قَبْلَ مَا شُرِعَ مِنْ دِينِ مُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ