Caution: Translations of Quran and Ḥadīth may lead to possible misapplications and misinterpretations. This site is intended for students of sacred knowledge that are proficient in comprehending classical Arabic and have a strong foundation in Islamic sciences. Also note that religious injunctions rely on several aspects beyond what one may glean through reading individual aḥādīth.
bayhaqi:1695Abū al-Ḥusayn ʿAlī b. Muḥammad b. ʿAbdullāh b. Bishrān al-ʿAdl> Abū Jaʿfar Muḥammad b. ʿAmr al-Razzāz > Muḥammad b. ʿUbaydullāh / Ibn al-Munādī > Yūnus b. Muḥammad al-Muʾaddib > Shaybān b. ʿAbd al-Raḥman al-Naḥwī > Qatādah > Anas b. Mālik > Mālik b. Ṣaʿṣaʿah > Fadhakar Ḥadīth al-Miʿrāj Biṭūlih And Fīh Farḍ al-Ṣalawāt al-Khams > Qatādah > al-Ḥasan / al-Baṣrī

[Machine] "When the Prophet ﷺ brought them (the prayers) to his people, he secluded himself from them until the sun set from the sky. Then, the congregational prayer was called upon them and the people were frightened by it, so they gathered and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ prayed four units of prayer with them, without reciting aloud. The people followed the Prophet of Allah ﷺ , and he followed Jibril ﷺ . When the sun moved from the meridian to the side of the sky, while it was pure white, the congregational prayer was called upon them and the people were frightened by it, so they gathered and the Prophet ﷺ prayed four units of prayer with them, without reciting aloud. The people followed the Prophet of Allah ﷺ , and he followed Jibril ﷺ . When the sun set, the congregational prayer was called upon them and they gathered, so the Prophet of Allah ﷺ prayed three units of prayer with them, reciting aloud in the first two units, and not reciting aloud in the third unit. The people followed the Prophet of Allah ﷺ , and he followed Jibril ﷺ .

It is mentioned in this Hadith and what is narrated in its meaning is evidence that this occurred in Makkah after the Mi'raj (Ascension), and that the five daily prayers were obligatory at that time in their prescribed numbers. This is also confirmed by the narration of Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her), in contradiction to what was mentioned."  

البيهقي:١٦٩٥أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ بِشْرَانَ الْعَدْلُ بِبَغْدَادَ ثنا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو الرَّزَّازُ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ يَعْنِي ابْنَ الْمُنَادِي ثنا يُونُسُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمُؤَدِّبُ ثنا شَيْبَانُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ النَّحْوِيُّ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ قَالَ ثنا أَنَسُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ أَنَّ مَالِكَ بْنَ صَعْصَعَةَ حَدَّثَهُمْ فَذَكَرَ حَدِيثَ الْمِعْرَاجِ بِطُولِهِ وَفِيهِ فَرْضُ الصَّلَوَاتِ الْخَمْسِ قَالَ قَتَادَةُ وَثنا الْحَسَنُ يَعْنِي الْبَصْرِيَّ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ

ﷺ لَمَّا جَاءَ بِهِنَّ إِلَى قَوْمِهِ خَلَا عَنْهُمْ حَتَّى إِذَا زَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ عَنْ بَطْنِ السَّمَاءِ نُودِيَ فِيهِمُ الصَّلَاةُ جَامِعَةٌ قَالَ فَفَزِعَ الْقَوْمُ لِذَلِكَ فَاجْتَمَعُوا فَصَلَّى بِهِمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَرْبَعَ رَكَعَاتٍ لَا يَقْرَأُ فِيهِنَّ عَلَانِيَةً يَقْتَدِي النَّاسُ بِنَبِيِّ اللهِ ﷺ وَيَقْتَدِي النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِجِبْرِيلَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ حَتَّى إِذَا تَصَوَّبَتِ الشَّمْسُ عَنْ بَطْنِ السَّمَاءِ وَهِيَ بَيْضَاءُ نَقِيَّةٌ نُودِيَ فِيهِمْ بِالصَّلَاةِ جَامِعَةٌ فَفَزِعَ الْقَوْمُ لِذَلِكَ فَاجْتَمَعُوا فَصَلَّى بِهِمُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ أَرْبَعَ رَكَعَاتٍ لَا يَقْرَأُ فِيهِنَّ عَلَانِيَةً يَقْتَدِي النَّاسُ بِنَبِيِّ اللهِ ﷺ وَيَقْتَدِي نَبِيُّ اللهِ ﷺ بِجِبْرِيلَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ حَتَّى إِذَا غَرَبَتِ الشَّمْسُ نُودِيَ فِيهِمْ بِالصَّلَاةِ جَامِعَةٌ فَاجْتَمَعُوا فَصَلَّى بِهِمْ نَبِيُّ اللهِ ﷺ ثَلَاثَ رَكَعَاتٍ يَقْرَأُ فِي الْأُولَيَيْنِ وَلَا يَقْرَأُ فِي الْوَاحِدَةِ يَعْنِي عَلَانِيَةً يَقْتَدِي النَّاسُ بِنَبِيِّ اللهِ ﷺ وَيَقْتَدِي نَبِيُّ اللهِ ﷺ بِجِبْرِيلَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ حَتَّى إِذَا غَابَ الشَّفَقُ نُودِيَ فِيهِمْ بِالصَّلَاةِ جَامِعَةً فَاجْتَمَعُوا فَصَلَّى بِهِمْ نَبِيُّ اللهِ ﷺ أَرْبَعَ رَكَعَاتٍ يَقْرَأُ فِي الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ عَلَانِيَةً وَلَا يَقْرَأُ فِي الثِّنْتَيْنِ يَقْتَدِي النَّاسُ بِنَبِيِّ اللهِ ﷺ وَيَقْتَدِي نَبِيُّ اللهِ ﷺ بِجِبْرِيلَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ فَبَاتَ الْقَوْمُ وَهُمْ لَا يَدْرُونَ أَيُزَادُونَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ أَمْ لَا حَتَّى إِذَا طَلَعَ الْفَجْرُ نُودِيَ فِيهِمُ الصَّلَاةُ جَامِعَةٌ فَاجْتَمَعُوا فَصَلَّى بِهِمْ نَبِيُّ اللهِ ﷺ رَكْعَتَيْنِ يُطِيلُ فِيهِمَا الْقِرَاءَةَ يَقْتَدِي النَّاسُ بِنَبِيِّ اللهِ ﷺ وَيَقْتَدِي نَبِيُّ اللهِ ﷺ بِجِبْرِيلَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَفِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ وَمَا رُوِيَ فِي مَعْنَاهُ دَلِيلٌ عَلَى أَنَّ ذَلِكَ كَانَ بِمَكَّةَ بَعْدَ الْمِعْرَاجِ وَأَنَّ الصَّلَوَاتِ الْخَمْسَ فَرْضٌ حِينَئِذٍ بِأَعْدَادِهِنَّ وَقَدْ ثَبَتَ ذَلِكَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ؓ خِلَافُ ذَلِكَ