42. The Sunnah

٤٢۔ كتاب السنة

42.19 The Jahmiyyah

٤٢۔١٩ باب فِي الْجَهْمِيَّةِ

abudawud:4721Hārūn b. Maʿrūf > Sufyān > Hishām from his father > Abū Hurayrah

People will continue to ask one another(questions) till this is pronounced: Allah created all things, but who created Allah ? Whoever comes across anything of that, he should say: I believe in Allah.  

أبو داود:٤٧٢١حَدَّثَنَا هَارُونُ بْنُ مَعْرُوفٍ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ عَنْ هِشَامٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لاَ يَزَالُ النَّاسُ يَتَسَاءَلُونَ حَتَّى يُقَالَ هَذَا خَلَقَ اللَّهُ الْخَلْقَ فَمَنْ خَلَقَ اللَّهَ فَمَنْ وَجَدَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ شَيْئًا فَلْيَقُلْ آمَنْتُ بِاللَّهِ  

abudawud:4722Muḥammad b. ʿAmr > Salamah / Ibn al-Faḍl > Muḥammad / Ibn Isḥāq > ʿUtbah b. Muslim a freed slave of Banī Taym > Abū Salamah b. ʿAbd al-Raḥman > Abū Hurayrah

I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: He then mentioned a tradition like it. This version adds: When they propound that, say: "Say Allah is one. Allah is He to Whom men repair. He has not begotten and He has not been begotten, and no one is equal to Him." Then one should spit three times on his left side and seek refuge in Allah from Satan.  

أبو داود:٤٧٢٢حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو حَدَّثَنَا سَلَمَةُ يَعْنِي ابْنَ الْفَضْلِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدٌ يَعْنِي ابْنَ إِسْحَاقَ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي عُتْبَةُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ مَوْلَى بَنِي تَيْمٍ عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ فَذَكَرَ نَحْوَهُ قَالَ فَإِذَا قَالُوا ذَلِكَ فَقُولُوا { اللَّهُ أَحَدٌ * اللَّهُ الصَّمَدُ * لَمْ يَلِدْ وَلَمْ يُولَدْ * وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ كُفُوًا أَحَدٌ } ثُمَّ لْيَتْفُلْ عَنْ يَسَارِهِ ثَلاَثًا وَلْيَسْتَعِذْ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ  

abudawud:4723Muḥammad b. al-Ṣabbāḥ al-Bazzāz > al-Walīd b. Abū Thawr > Simāk > ʿAbdullāh b. ʿAmīrah > al-Aḥnaf b. Qays > al-ʿAbbās b. ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib

I was sitting in al-Batha with a company among whom the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was sitting, when a cloud passed above them. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ looked at it and said: What do you call this? They said: Sahab. He said: And muzn? They said: And muzn. He said: And anan? They said: And anan. AbuDawud said: I am not quite confident about the word anan. He asked: Do you know the distance between Heaven and Earth? They replied: We do not know. He then said: The distance between them is seventy-one, seventy-two, or seventy-three years. The heaven which is above it is at a similar distance (going on till he counted seven heavens). Above the seventh heaven there is a sea, the distance between whose surface and bottom is like that between one heaven and the next. Above that there are eight mountain goats the distance between whose hoofs and haunches is like the distance between one heaven and the next. Then Allah, the Blessed and the Exalted, is above that.  

أبو داود:٤٧٢٣حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الصَّبَّاحِ الْبَزَّازُ حَدَّثَنَا الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي ثَوْرٍ عَنْ سِمَاكٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمِيرَةَ عَنِ الأَحْنَفِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ قَالَ

كُنْتُ فِي الْبَطْحَاءِ فِي عِصَابَةٍ فِيهِمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَمَرَّتْ بِهِمْ سَحَابَةٌ فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهَا فَقَالَ مَا تُسَمُّونَ هَذِهِ قَالُوا السَّحَابَ قَالَ وَالْمُزْنَ قَالُوا وَالْمُزْنَ قَالَ وَالْعَنَانَ قَالُوا وَالْعَنَانَ  

قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ لَمْ أُتْقِنِ الْعَنَانَ جَيِّدًا قَالَ هَلْ تَدْرُونَ مَا بُعْدُ مَا بَيْنَ السَّمَاءِ وَالأَرْضِ قَالُوا لاَ نَدْرِي قَالَ إِنَّ بُعْدَ مَا بَيْنَهُمَا إِمَّا وَاحِدَةٌ أَوِ اثْنَتَانِ أَوْ ثَلاَثٌ وَسَبْعُونَ سَنَةً ثُمَّ السَّمَاءُ فَوْقَهَا كَذَلِكَ حَتَّى عَدَّ سَبْعَ سَمَوَاتٍ ثُمَّ فَوْقَ السَّابِعَةِ بَحْرٌ بَيْنَ أَسْفَلِهِ وَأَعْلاَهُ مِثْلُ مَا بَيْنَ سَمَاءٍ إِلَى سَمَاءٍ ثُمَّ فَوْقَ ذَلِكَ ثَمَانِيَةُ أَوْعَالٍ بَيْنَ أَظْلاَفِهِمْ وَرُكَبِهِمْ مِثْلُ مَا بَيْنَ سَمَاءٍ إِلَى سَمَاءٍ ثُمَّ عَلَى ظُهُورِهِمُ الْعَرْشُ بَيْنَ أَسْفَلِهِ وَأَعْلاَهُ مِثْلُ مَا بَيْنَ سَمَاءٍ إِلَى سَمَاءٍ ثُمَّ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى فَوْقَ ذَلِكَ
abudawud:4724Aḥmad b. Abū Surayj > ʿAbd al-Raḥman b. ʿAbdullāh b. Saʿd And Muḥammad b. Saʿīd > ʿAmr b. Abū Qays

The tradition mentioned above has also been transmitted by Simak through a different chain of narrators to the same effect.  

أبو داود:٤٧٢٤حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ أَبِي سُرَيْجٍ أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ قَالاَ أَخْبَرَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ أَبِي قَيْسٍ

عَنْ سِمَاكٍ بِإِسْنَادِهِ وَمَعْنَاهُ  

abudawud:4725Aḥmad b. Ḥafṣ from my father > Ibrāhīm b. Ṭahmān

The tradition mentioned above has again been transmitted by Simak through a different chain of narrators and to the same effect as this lengthy tradition.  

أبو داود:٤٧٢٥حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَفْصٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ طَهْمَانَ

عَنْ سِمَاكٍ بِإِسْنَادِهِ وَمَعْنَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ الطَّوِيلِ  

abudawud:4726ʿAbd al-Aʿlá b. Ḥammād And Muḥammad b. al-Muthanná And Muḥammad b. Bashhār And Aḥmad b. Saʿīd al-Ribāṭī > Wahb b. Jarīr > Aḥmad Katab.āh from Nuskhatih Wahadhā Lafẓuh from my father > Muḥammad b. Isḥāq > Yaʿqūb b. ʿUtbah > Jubayr b. Muḥammad b. Jubayr b. Muṭʿim from his father from his grandfather

An A’rab(a nomadic Arab) came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said: People suffering distress, the children are hungry, the crops are withered, and the animals are perished, so ask Allah to grant us rain, for we seek you as our intercessor with Allah, and Allah as intercessor with you. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Woe to you: Do you know what you are saying? Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ declared Allah’s glory and he continued declaring His glory till the effect of that was apparent in the faces of his Companions. He then said: Woe to you: Allah is not to be sought as intercessor with anyone. Allah’s state is greater than that. Woe to you! Do you know how great Allah is? His throne is above the heavens thus(indicating with his fingers like a dome over him), and it groans on account of Him as a saddle does because of the rider. Ibn Bashshar said in his version: Allah is above the throne, and the throne is above the heavens. He then mentioned the rest of the tradition. ‘Abd al-A’la, Ibn al- Muthana and Ibn Bashshar transmitted it from Ya’qub b. ‘Utbah and Jubair b. Muhammad b. Jubair from his father on the authority of his grandfather. Abu Dawud said: This tradition with the chain of Ahmad b. Sa’ad is sound. It has been approved by the body (of traditionists) , which includes Yahya b. Ma’in and ‘Ali b. al-Madani, and a group has transmitted it from Ibn Ishaq, as Ahmad also said. And so far as I have been informed ‘Abd al-A’la, Ibn al-Muthanna, and Ibn Bashshar had heard from the same copy(of the collection of tradition).  

أبو داود:٤٧٢٦حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الأَعْلَى بْنُ حَمَّادٍ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ وَأَحْمَدُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الرِّبَاطِيُّ قَالُوا حَدَّثَنَا وَهْبُ بْنُ جَرِيرٍ قَالَ

أَحْمَدُ كَتَبْنَاهُ مِنْ نُسْخَتِهِ وَهَذَا لَفْظُهُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي قَالَ سَمِعْتُ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ إِسْحَاقَ يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ عَنْ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ مُطْعِمٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ قَالَ أَتَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَعْرَابِيٌّ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ جُهِدَتِ الأَنْفُسُ وَضَاعَتِ الْعِيَالُ وَنُهِكَتِ الأَمْوَالُ وَهَلَكَتِ الأَنْعَامُ فَاسْتَسْقِ اللَّهَ لَنَا فَإِنَّا نَسْتَشْفِعُ بِكَ عَلَى اللَّهِ وَنَسْتَشْفِعُ بِاللَّهِ عَلَيْكَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَيْحَكَ أَتَدْرِي مَا تَقُولُ وَسَبَّحَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَمَا زَالَ يُسَبِّحُ حَتَّى عُرِفَ ذَلِكَ فِي وُجُوهِ أَصْحَابِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ وَيْحَكَ إِنَّهُ لاَ يُسْتَشْفَعُ بِاللَّهِ عَلَى أَحَدٍ مِنْ خَلْقِهِ شَأْنُ اللَّهِ أَعْظَمُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَيْحَكَ أَتَدْرِي مَا اللَّهُ إِنَّ عَرْشَهُ عَلَى سَمَوَاتِهِ لَهَكَذَا وَقَالَ بِأَصَابِعِهِ مِثْلَ الْقُبَّةِ عَلَيْهِ وَإِنَّهُ لَيَئِطُّ بِهِ أَطِيطَ الرَّحْلِ بِالرَّاكِبِ قَالَ ابْنُ بَشَّارٍ فِي حَدِيثِهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ فَوْقَ عَرْشِهِ وَعَرْشُهُ فَوْقَ سَمَوَاتِهِ وَسَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ وَقَالَ عَبْدُ الأَعْلَى وَابْنُ الْمُثَنَّى وَابْنُ بَشَّارٍ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ وَجُبَيْرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ  

قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَالْحَدِيثُ بِإِسْنَادِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ هُوَ الصَّحِيحُ وَافَقَهُ عَلَيْهِ جَمَاعَةٌ مِنْهُمْ يَحْيَى بْنُ مَعِينٍ وَعَلِيُّ بْنُ الْمَدِينِيِّ وَرَوَاهُ جَمَاعَةٌ عَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ كَمَا قَالَ أَحْمَدُ أَيْضًا وَكَانَ سَمَاعُ عَبْدِ الأَعْلَى وَابْنِ الْمُثَنَّى وَابْنِ بَشَّارٍ مِنْ نُسْخَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ فِيمَا بَلَغَنِي
abudawud:4727Aḥmad b. Ḥafṣ b. ʿAbdullāh from my father > Ibrāhīm b. Ṭahmān > Mūsá b. ʿUqbah > Muḥammad b. al-Munkadir > Jābir b. ʿAbdullāh

I have been permitted to tell about one of Allah’s angels who bears the throne that the distance between the lobe of his ear and his shoulder is a journey of seven hundred years.  

أبو داود:٤٧٢٧حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَفْصِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ طَهْمَانَ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ عُقْبَةَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْمُنْكَدِرِ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ أُذِنَ لِي أَنْ أُحَدِّثَ عَنْ مَلَكٍ مِنْ مَلاَئِكَةِ اللَّهِ مِنْ حَمَلَةِ الْعَرْشِ إِنَّ مَا بَيْنَ شَحْمَةِ أُذُنِهِ إِلَى عَاتِقِهِ مَسِيرَةُ سَبْعِمِائَةِ عَامٍ  

abudawud:4728ʿAlī b. Naṣr And Muḥammad b. Yūnus al-Nasāʾī al-Maʿná > ʿAbdullāh b. Yazīd al-Muqriʾ > Ḥarmalah / Ibn ʿImrān > Abū Yūnus Sulaym b. Jubayr a freed slave of Abū Hurayrah > Abū Hurayrah Yaqraʾ Hadhih al-Āyah In Allāh Yaʾmurukum

I heard Abu Hurairah recite this verse : “Allah doth command you to render back your trusts to those to whom they are due” up to “For Allah is he who heareth and seeth all things”. He said : I saw the Messenger of Allah (May peace be upon him) putting his thumb on his ear and finger on his eye. Abu Hurairah said : I saw the Messenger of Allah (May peace be upon him) reciting this verse and putting his fingers. Ibn Yunus said that al-Muqri said. “Allah hears and sees” means that Allah has the power of hearing and seeing. Abu Dawud said: This is a refutation of the Jahmiyyah.  

أبو داود:٤٧٢٨حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ نَصْرٍ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُونُسَ النَّسَائِيُّ الْمَعْنَى قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ يَزِيدَ الْمُقْرِئُ حَدَّثَنَا حَرْمَلَةُ يَعْنِي ابْنَ عِمْرَانَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو يُونُسَ سُلَيْمُ بْنُ جُبَيْرٍ مَوْلَى أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ يَقْرَأُ هَذِهِ الآيَةَ { إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَأْمُرُكُمْ أَنْ تُؤَدُّوا الأَمَانَاتِ إِلَى أَهْلِهَا } إِلَى قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى { سَمِيعًا بَصِيرًا } قَالَ رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَضَعُ إِبْهَامَهُ عَلَى أُذُنِهِ وَالَّتِي تَلِيهَا عَلَى عَيْنِهِ قَالَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقْرَؤُهَا وَيَضَعُ إِصْبَعَيْهِ قَالَ ابْنُ يُونُسَ قَالَ الْمُقْرِئُ يَعْنِي { إِنَّ اللَّهَ سَمِيعٌ بَصِيرٌ } يَعْنِي أَنَّ لِلَّهِ سَمْعًا وَبَصَرًا  

قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَهَذَا رَدٌّ عَلَى الْجَهْمِيَّةِ