21. Military Expeditions

٢١۔ كتاب السير

21.19 What Has Been Related About The Prohibition Of Killing Women And Children

٢١۔١٩ باب مَا جَاءَ فِي النَّهْىِ عَنْ قَتْلِ النِّسَاءِ، وَالصِّبْيَانِ،

tirmidhi:1569Qutaybah > al-Layth > Nāfiʿ > Ibn ʿUmar

That a woman was found killed in one of the expeditions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, so the Messenger of Allah ﷺ rebuked that, and he prohibited killing women and children. There are narrations on this topic from Buraidah and Rabah - and they say he was Riyah - bin Ar-Rabi', Al-Aswad bin Sari', Ibn 'Abbas, and As-Sa'b bin Jaththamah.  

[Abu 'Eisa said:] This Hadith is Hasan Sahih. This is acted upon according to some of the people of knowledge among the Companions of the Prophet ﷺ and others. They disliked killing women and children. This is the view of Sufyan Ath-Thawri and Ash-Shafi'i. Some of the people of knowledge made an exception for killing the women who had children with them during night attacks, this is the view of Ahmad and Ishaq, they permitted it in night attacks.
الترمذي:١٥٦٩حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ عَنْ نَافِعٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ

أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ امْرَأَةً وُجِدَتْ فِي بَعْضِ مَغَازِي رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَقْتُولَةً فَأَنْكَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ ذَلِكَ وَنَهَى عَنْ قَتْلِ النِّسَاءِ وَالصِّبْيَانِ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ بُرَيْدَةَ وَرَبَاحٍ وَيُقَالُ رِيَاحُ بْنُ الرَّبِيعِ وَالأَسْوَدِ بْنِ سَرِيعٍ وَابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَالصَّعْبِ بْنِ جَثَّامَةَ  

قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ بَعْضِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَغَيْرِهِمْ كَرِهُوا قَتْلَ النِّسَاءِ وَالْوِلْدَانِ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ وَالشَّافِعِيِّ وَرَخَّصَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ فِي الْبَيَاتِ وَقَتْلِ النِّسَاءِ فِيهِمْ وَالْوِلْدَانِ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ أَحْمَدَ وَإِسْحَاقَ وَرَخَّصَا فِي الْبَيَاتِ
tirmidhi:1570Naṣr b. ʿAlī al-Jahḍamī > Sufyān b. ʿUyaynah > al-Zuhrī > ʿUbaydullāh b. ʿAbdullāh > Ibn ʿAbbās > al-Ṣaʿb b. Jathhāmah

"I was informed by As-Sa'b bin Jaththamah who said: " I said: "O Messenger of Allah our horses trampled over women and children of the idolaters." He said: "They are from their fathers.'"  

[Abu 'Eisa said:] This Hadith is Hasan Sahih.
الترمذي:١٥٧٠حَدَّثَنَا نَصْرُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْجَهْضَمِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي الصَّعْبُ بْنُ جَثَّامَةَ قَالَ

قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ خَيْلَنَا أَوْطَأَتْ مِنْ نِسَاءِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَأَوْلاَدِهِمْ قَالَ هُمْ مِنْ آبَائِهِمْ  

قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ