قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {هُوَ الَّذِي أَنْزَلَ السَّكِينَةَ فِي قُلُوبِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ} [الفتح: 4]

[Machine] About these people who were killed by Ali at the Nahrawan, in what did he seek their compliance and in what did he separate from them and in what did he make their killing permissible? He said: We were at Siffin, and when the killings took place with the people of Sham, Amr ibn al-As said to Muawiyah, "Send to Ali the Quran and invite him to the Book of Allah, for he will not refuse you." So a man brought it to him and he said: "Between us and you is the Book of Allah" (Quran 3:23). Ali, ﷺ , said: "I have a greater right to it." Then the Khawarij came, and we called them on that day 'the Qurra' while their swords were on their shoulders. They said: "O Amir al-Mu'minin, what are we waiting for regarding these people who are on the hill? Shall we not go to them with our swords until Allah judges between us and them?" Sahl ibn Hunayf spoke and said: "O people, accuse yourselves. I have seen us on the day of Hudaybiyah, meaning the truce that was concluded between the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , and the polytheists. Had we seen fighting, we would have fought." So Umar came to the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , and said: "Are we upon the truth while they are upon falsehood? Are not our killing [for the sake of Allah] in Paradise and their killing in the Fire?" He said: "Yes." Umar asked: "Then why do we give them the material world in our religion and return it when Allah judges between us and them?" He said: "O son of Khattab, I am the Messenger of Allah, and Allah will never let me down." He returned while furious, and he could not wait until he reached Abu Bakr, may Allah have mercy on him. He said: "Are we upon the truth while they are upon falsehood? Are not our killing [for the sake of Allah] in Paradise and their killing in the Fire?" Abu Bakr said: "Yes." Umar asked: "Then why do we give them the material world in our religion and return it when Allah judges between us and them?" Abu Bakr said: "O son of Khattab, he is the Messenger of Allah, and Allah will never let him down." Then Surat al-Fath was revealed, and the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , sent it to Umar to recite it to him. Umar said: "O Messenger of Allah, is it a victory?" He said: "Yes."  

عَنْ هَؤُلَاءِ الْقَوْمِ الَّذِينَ قَتَلَهُمْ عَلِيٌّ بِالنَّهْرَوَانِ فِيمَ اسْتَجَابُوا لَهُ وَفِيمَ فَارَقُوهُ وَفِيمَ اسْتَحَلَّ قَتْلَهُمْ فَقَالَ كُنَّا بِصِفِّينَ فَلَمَّا اسْتَحَرَّ الْقَتْلُ بِأَهْلِ الشَّامِ قَالَ عَمْرُو بْنُ الْعَاصِ لِمُعَاوِيَةَ أَرْسِلْ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ الْمُصْحَفَ فَادْعُهُ إِلَى كِتَابِ اللهِ فَإِنَّهُ لَنْ يَأْبَى عَلَيْكَ فَجَاءَ بِهِ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكُمْ كِتَابُ اللهِ {أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا نَصِيبًا مِنَ الْكِتَابِ يُدْعَوْنَ إِلَى كِتَابِ اللهِ لِيَحْكُمَ بَيْنَهُمْ ثُمَّ يَتَوَلَّى فَرِيقٌ مِنْهُمْ وَهُمْ مُعْرِضُونَ} [آل عمران 23] فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَنَا أَوْلَى بِذَلِكَ بَيْنَنَا كِتَابُ اللهِ فَجَاءَتْهُ الْخَوَارِجُ وَنَحْنُ نَدْعُوهُمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ الْقُرَّاءَ وَسُيُوفُهُمْ عَلَى عَوَاتِقِهِمْ فَقَالُوا يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مَا نَنْتَظِرُ بِهَؤُلَاءِ الْقَوْمِ الَّذِينَ عَلَى التَّلِّ أَلَا نَمْشِي إِلَيْهِمْ بِسُيُوفِنَا حَتَّى يَحْكُمَ اللهُ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَهُمْ؟ فَتَكَلَّمَ سَهْلُ بْنُ حُنَيْفٍ فَقَالَ يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ اتَّهِمُوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ فَلَقَدْ رَأَيْتُنَا يَوْمَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ يَعْنِي الصُّلْحَ الَّذِي كَانَ بَيْنَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَبَيْنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَلَوْ نَرَى قِتَالًا لَقَاتَلْنَا [263] فَجَاءَ عُمَرُ ؓ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ أَلَسْنَا عَلَى الْحَقِّ وَهُمْ عَلَى الْبَاطِلِ؟ أَلَيْسَ قَتْلَانَا فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَقَتْلَاهُمْ فِي النَّارِ؟ قَالَ «بَلَى» قَالَ فَفِيمَ نُعْطِي الدَّنِيَّةَ فِي دِينِنَا وَنَرْجِعُ وَلَمَّا يَحْكُمِ اللهُ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَهُمْ؟ قَالَ «يَا ابْنَ الْخَطَّابِ إِنِّي رَسُولُ اللهِ وَلَنْ يُضَيِّعَنِي أَبَدًا» قَالَ فَرَجَعَ وَهُوَ مُتَغَيِّظٌ فَلَمْ يَصْبِرْ حَتَّى أَتَى أَبَا بَكْرٍ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ فَقَالَ أَلَسْنَا عَلَى الْحَقِّ وَهُمْ عَلَى الْبَاطِلِ؟ أَلَيْسَ قَتْلَانَا فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَقَتْلَاهُمْ فِي النَّارِ؟ قَالَ بَلَى قَالَ فَلِمَ نُعْطِي الدَّنِيَّةَ وَنَرْجِعُ وَلَمَّا يَحْكُمِ اللهُ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَهُمْ؟ قَالَ يَا ابْنَ الْخَطَّابِ إِنَّهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَلَنْ يُضَيِّعَهُ اللهُ أَبَدًا فَنَزَلَتْ سُورَةُ الْفَتْحِ فَأَرْسَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَى عُمَرَ ؓ فَأَقْرَأَهَا إِيَّاهُ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ وَفَتْحٌ هُوَ؟ قَالَ «نَعَمْ»