54. Sūrat al-Qamar (2/2)

٥٤۔ سُورَةُ القَمَر ص ٢

Qurʾān > Chapter 54
القرآن > كتاب ٥٤

The Moon (Meccan)

quran:54:51 –

And We have already destroyed your kinds, so is there any who will remember?  

And verily We have destroyed the likes of you, the likes of you in terms of disbelief, from among past communities. So is there anyone who will remember? (this is an interrogative meant as an imperative, that is to say, ‘Remember and be admonished!’).
القرآن:٥٤:٥١ –

وَلَقَدْ أَهْلَكْنَا أَشْيَاعَكُمْ فَهَلْ مِنْ مُدَّكِرٍ  

{ولقد أهلكنا أشياعكم} أشباهكم في الكفر من الأمم الماضية {فهل من مدكر} استفهام بمعنى الأمر، أي اذكروا واتعظوا.
quran:54:52 –

And everything they did is in written records.  

And everything they, that is, servants, have done is, recorded, in the scrolls, the books of the Guardian Angels (al-hafaza),
القرآن:٥٤:٥٢ –

وَكُلُّ شَيْءٍ فَعَلُوهُ فِي الزُّبُرِ  

{وكل شيء فعلوه} أي العباد مكتوب {في الزبر} كتب الحفظة.
quran:54:53 –

And every small and great ˹thing˺ is inscribed.  

and every small and great, sin, or deed, is inscribed, is recorded in the Preserved Tablet (al-lawh al-mahfūz).
القرآن:٥٤:٥٣ –

وَكُلُّ صَغِيرٍ وَكَبِيرٍ مُسْتَطَرٌ  

{وكل صغير وكبير} من الذنب أو العمل {مستطر} مكتوب في اللوح المحفوظ.
quran:54:54 –

Indeed, the righteous will be among gardens and rivers,  

Assuredly the God-fearing will be amid gardens, orchards, and rivers (the collective noun is meant here; a variant reading ˹for nahar˺ has the plural nuhur, similar ˹in form˺ to asad, ‘lion’, ˹plural˺ usud), the meaning being that they will drink from its rivers water milk, honey and wine;
القرآن:٥٤:٥٤ –

إِنَّ الْمُتَّقِينَ فِي جَنَّاتٍ وَنَهَرٍ  

{إن المتقين في جنات} بساتين {ونَهر} أريد به الجنس، وقرئ بضم النون والهاء جمعا كأسد وأسد، والمعنى أنهم يشربون من أنهار الماء واللبن والعسل والخمر.
quran:54:55 –

In a seat of honor near a Sovereign, Perfect in Ability.  

in an abode of truth, a place of truth, wherein there is no idle talk or cause for sin — (the collective noun ˹maq‘ad˺ is meant here; a variant reading has maqā‘id, ‘abodes’), in other words, they are in congregations in Paradise that are free from idle talk and cause for sin, in contrast to the congregations of this world, which are rarely free from such things (syntactically, this statement is considered a second predicate and also a substitution; it ˹the ‘abode’˺ may be understood as being ‘one of truth’ regardless of whether one reads the substitution as being of the part ˹for the whole˺ or otherwise); before a King (malīk: this form is hyperbolic, that is to say, One of a mighty and vast kingdom) ˹Who is˺ Omnipotent, Powerful, Whom nothing can thwart, namely, God, exalted be He (‘inda indicates ˹glorious˺ rank and closeness to His bounty, exalted be He). Meccan, except for verse 29, which is Medinese; it consists of 76 or 78 verses.
القرآن:٥٤:٥٥ –

فِي مَقْعَدِ صِدْقٍ عِنْدَ مَلِيكٍ مُقْتَدِرٍ  

{في مقعد صدق} مجلس حق لا لغو فيه ولا تأثيم أريد به الجنس، وقرئ مقاعد، المعنى أنهم في مجالس من الجنات سالمة من اللغو والتأثيم بخلاف مجالس الدنيا فقلَّ أن تسلم من ذلك وأعرب هذا خبرا ثانيا وبدلا وهو صادق ببدل البعض وغيره {عند مليك} مثال مبالغة، أي عزيز الملك واسعه {مقتدر} قادر لا يعجزه شيء وهو الله تعالى وفيه إشارة إلى الرتبة والقربة من فضله تعالى.