22. Musāqah

٢٢۔ كتاب المساقاة

22.20 Taking that which is lawful and leaving that which is unclear

٢٢۔٢٠ باب أَخْذِ الْحَلاَلِ وَتَرْكِ الشُّبُهَاتِ

Distance yourself from matters of doubt since what is permissible or prohibited has already been made clear

muslim:1599aMuḥammad b. ʿAbdullāh b. Numayr al-Hamdānī from my father > Zakariyyāʾ > al-Shaʿbī > al-Nuʿmān b. Bashīr > Samiʿtuh

I heard Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon himn) as having said this (and Nu'man) pointed towards his ears with his fingers): What is lawful is evident and what is unlawful is evident, and in between them are the things doubtful which many people do not know. So he who guards against doubtful things keeps his religion and honour blameless, and he who indulges in doubtful things indulges in fact in unlawful things, just as a shepherd who pastures his animals round a preserve will soon pasture them in it. Beware, every king has a preserve, and the things God his declaced unlawful are His preserves. Beware, in the body there is a piece of flesh; if it is sound, the whole body is sound and if it is corrupt the whole body is corrupt, and hearken it is the heart.  

مسلم:١٥٩٩aحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ نُمَيْرٍ الْهَمْدَانِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي حَدَّثَنَا زَكَرِيَّاءُ عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ عَنِ النُّعْمَانِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ، وَأَهْوَى النُّعْمَانُ بِإِصْبَعَيْهِ إِلَى أُذُنَيْهِ: «إِنَّ الْحَلاَلَ بَيِّنٌ وَإِنَّ الْحَرَامَ بَيِّنٌ، وَبَيْنَهُمَا مُشْتَبِهَاتٌ لاَ يَعْلَمُهُنَّ كَثِيرٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ۔ فَمَنِ اتَّقَى الشُّبُهَاتِ اسْتَبْرَأَ لِدِينِهِ وَعِرْضِهِ، وَمَنْ وَقَعَ فِي الشُّبُهَاتِ وَقَعَ فِي الْحَرَامِ كَالرَّاعِي يَرْعَى حَوْلَ الْحِمَى يُوشِكُ أَنْ يَرْتَعَ فِيهِ۔ أَلاَ وَإِنَّ لِكُلِّ مَلِكٍ حِمًى۔ أَلاَ وَإِنَّ حِمَى اللَّهِ مَحَارِمُهُ۔ أَلاَ وَإِنَّ فِي الْجَسَدِ مُضْغَةً إِذَا صَلَحَتْ صَلَحَ الْجَسَدُ كُلُّهُ، وَإِذَا فَسَدَتْ فَسَدَ الْجَسَدُ كُلُّهُ۔ أَلاَ وَهِيَ الْقَلْبُ۔»  

muslim:1599b[Chain 1] Abū Bakr b. Abū Shaybah > Wakīʿ [Chain 2] Isḥāq b. Ibrāhīm > ʿĪsá b. Yūnus

This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Zakariya with the same chain of transmitters.  

مسلم:١٥٩٩bوَحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ ح وَحَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ أَخْبَرَنَا عِيسَى بْنُ يُونُسَ قَالاَ

حَدَّثَنَا زَكَرِيَّاءُ بِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ مِثْلَهُ  

muslim:1599c[Chain 1] Isḥāq b. Ibrāhīm > Jarīr > Muṭarrif And ʾAbī Farwah al-Hamdānī [Chain 2] Qutaybah b. Saʿīd > Yaʿqūb / Ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥman al-Qārī > Ibn ʿAjlān > ʿAbd al-Raḥman b. Saʿīd > al-Shaʿbī > al-Nuʿmān b. Bashīr

AI-Nu'man b. Bashir reported it from Allah's Apostle ﷺ. The hadith narrated by Zakariya is, however, more complete and lengthy than the other ones.  

مسلم:١٥٩٩cوَحَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ أَخْبَرَنَا جَرِيرٌ عَنْ مُطَرِّفٍ وَأَبِي فَرْوَةَ الْهَمْدَانِيِّ ح وَحَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ حَدَّثَنَا يَعْقُوبُ يَعْنِي ابْنَ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْقَارِيَّ عَنِ ابْنِ عَجْلاَنَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ كُلُّهُمْ عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ عَنِ النُّعْمَانِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ غَيْرَ أَنَّ حَدِيثَ زَكَرِيَّاءَ أَتَمُّ مِنْ حَدِيثِهِمْ وَأَكْثَرُ  

muslim:1599dʿAbd al-Malik b. Shuʿayb b. al-Layth b. Saʿd from my father from my father > Khālid b. Yazīd > Saʿīd b. Abū Hilāl > ʿAwn b. ʿAbdullāh > ʿĀmir al-Shaʿbī

I heard Messenger of Allah (way peace be upon him) as saying: The lawful is evident and the unlawful is evident, the rest of the hadith is the same as related by Zakariya.  

مسلم:١٥٩٩dحَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ بْنُ شُعَيْبِ بْنِ اللَّيْثِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَنْ جَدِّي حَدَّثَنِي خَالِدُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ حَدَّثَنِي سَعِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي هِلاَلٍ عَنْ عَوْنِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ عَامِرٍ الشَّعْبِيِّ

أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ نُعْمَانَ بْنَ بَشِيرِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ صَاحِبَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ يَخْطُبُ النَّاسَ بِحِمْصَ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ الْحَلاَلُ بَيِّنٌ وَالْحَرَامُ بَيِّنٌ فَذَكَرَ بِمِثْلِ حَدِيثِ زَكَرِيَّاءَ عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ يُوشِكُ أَنْ يَقَعَ فِيهِ