18. Ṭalāq (Divorce)

١٨۔ كتاب الطلاق

18.4 Giving one's wife the choice does not count as a divorce, unless it is intended as such

١٨۔٤ باب بَيَانِ أَنَّ تَخْيِيرَ امْرَأَتِهِ لاَ يَكُونُ طَلاَقًا إِلاَّ بِالنِّيَّةِ

muslim:1475[Chain 1] Abū al-Ṭāhir > Ibn Wahb[Chain 2] Ḥarmalah b. Yaḥyá al-Tujībī > ʿAbdullāh b. Wahb > Yūnus b. Yazīd > Ibn Shihāb > Abū Salamah b. ʿAbd al-Raḥman b. ʿAwf > ʿĀʾishah > Lammā Umir

When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was commanded to give option to his wives, he started it from me saying: I am going to mention to you a matter which you should not (decide) in haste until you have consulted your parents. She said that he already knew that my parents would never allow me to seek separation from him She said: Then he said: Allah, the Exalted and Glorious, said: Prophet, say to thy wives: If you desire this world's life and its adornment, then come, I will give you a provision and allow you to depart a goodly departing; and if you desire Allah and His Messenger and the abode of the Hereafter, then Allah has prepared for the doers of good among you a great reward She is reported to have said: About what should I consult my parents, for I desire Allah and His Messenger and the abode of the Hereafter? She ('A'isha) said: Then all the wives of Messenger of Allah ﷺ did as I had done.  

مسلم:١٤٧٥وَحَدَّثَنِي أَبُو الطَّاهِرِ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ ح وَحَدَّثَنِي حَرْمَلَةُ بْنُ يَحْيَى التُّجِيبِيُّ وَاللَّفْظُ لَهُ أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ وَهْبٍ أَخْبَرَنِي يُونُسُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو سَلَمَةَ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ

لَمَّا أُمِرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِتَخْيِيرِ أَزْوَاجِهِ بَدَأَ بِي فَقَالَ إِنِّي ذَاكِرٌ لَكِ أَمْرًا فَلاَ عَلَيْكِ أَنْ لاَ تَعْجَلِي حَتَّى تَسْتَأْمِرِي أَبَوَيْكِ قَالَتْ قَدْ عَلِمَ أَنَّ أَبَوَىَّ لَمْ يَكُونَا لِيَأْمُرَانِي بِفِرَاقِهِ قَالَتْ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ ﷻ قَالَ { يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ قُلْ لأَزْوَاجِكَ إِنْ كُنْتُنَّ تُرِدْنَ الْحَيَاةَ الدُّنْيَا وَزِينَتَهَا فَتَعَالَيْنَ أُمَتِّعْكُنَّ وَأُسَرِّحْكُنَّ سَرَاحًا جَمِيلاً * وَإِنْ كُنْتُنَّ تُرِدْنَ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَالدَّارَ الآخِرَةَ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ أَعَدَّ لِلْمُحْسِنَاتِ مِنْكُنَّ أَجْرًا عَظِيمًا} قَالَتْ فَقُلْتُ فِي أَىِّ هَذَا أَسْتَأْمِرُ أَبَوَىَّ فَإِنِّي أُرِيدُ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَالدَّارَ الآخِرَةَ قَالَتْ ثُمَّ فَعَلَ أَزْوَاجُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِثْلَ مَا فَعَلْتُ  

muslim:1476aSurayj b. Yūnus > ʿAbbād b. ʿAbbād > ʿĀṣim > Muʿādhah al-ʿAdawiyyah > ʿĀʾishah

" Thou mayest put off whom thou pleasest of them, and take for thee whom thou pleasest" (xxxiii. 5). Mu'adha said to her: What did you say to Messenger of Allah ﷺ when he sought your permission? She said: I used to say: If it had the option in this I would not have (allowed anyone) to have precedence over me.  

مسلم:١٤٧٦aحَدَّثَنَا سُرَيْجُ بْنُ يُونُسَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبَّادُ بْنُ عَبَّادٍ عَنْ عَاصِمٍ عَنْ مُعَاذَةَ الْعَدَوِيَّةِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ

كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَسْتَأْذِنُنَا إِذَا كَانَ فِي يَوْمِ الْمَرْأَةِ مِنَّا بَعْدَ مَا نَزَلَتْ { تُرْجِي مَنْ تَشَاءُ مِنْهُنَّ وَتُؤْوِي إِلَيْكَ مَنْ تَشَاءُ} فَقَالَتْ لَهَا مُعَاذَةُ فَمَا كُنْتِ تَقُولِينَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِذَا اسْتَأْذَنَكِ قَالَتْ كُنْتُ أَقُولُ إِنْ كَانَ ذَاكَ إِلَىَّ لَمْ أُوثِرْ أَحَدًا عَلَى نَفْسِي  

muslim:1476bal-Ḥasan b. ʿĪsá > Ibn al-Mubārak

The above hadith has likewise been narrated through another chain.  

مسلم:١٤٧٦bوَحَدَّثَنَاهُ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عِيسَى أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ

أَخْبَرَنَا عَاصِمٌ بِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ نَحْوَهُ  

muslim:1477aYaḥyá b. Yaḥyá al-Tamīmī > ʿAbthar > Ismāʿīl b. Abū Khālid > al-Shaʿbī > Masrūq

Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave us the option (to get divorce) but we did not deem it as divorce.  

مسلم:١٤٧٧aحَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى التَّمِيمِيُّ أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْثَرٌ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَبِي خَالِدٍ عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ قَالَ قَالَتْ

عَائِشَةُ قَدْ خَيَّرَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَلَمْ نَعُدَّهُ طَلاَقًا  

muslim:1477bAbū Bakr b. Abū Shaybah > ʿAlī b. Mushir > Ismāʿīl b. Abū Khālid > al-Shaʿbī > Masrūq

I do not mind if I give option to my wife (to get divorce) once, hundred times, or thousand times after (knowing it) that she has chosen me (and would never seek divorce). I asked 'A'isha (Allah be pleased with her) (about it) and she said: Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave us the option, but did it imply divorce? (It was in fact not a divorce; it is effective when women actually avail themselves of it.)  

مسلم:١٤٧٧bوَحَدَّثَنَاهُ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُسْهِرٍ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَبِي خَالِدٍ عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ قَالَ

مَا أُبَالِي خَيَّرْتُ امْرَأَتِي وَاحِدَةً أَوْ مِائَةً أَوْ أَلْفًا بَعْدَ أَنْ تَخْتَارَنِي وَلَقَدْ سَأَلْتُ عَائِشَةَ فَقَالَتْ قَدْ خَيَّرَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَفَكَانَ طَلاَقًا  

muslim:1477cMuḥammad b. Bashhār > Muḥammad b. Jaʿfar > Shuʿbah > ʿĀṣim > al-Shaʿbī > Masrūq > ʿĀʾishah

'A'isha reported that Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave option to his wives, but it was not a divorce.  

مسلم:١٤٧٧cحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ عَنْ عَاصِمٍ عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ خَيَّرَ نِسَاءَهُ فَلَمْ يَكُنْ طَلاَقًا  

muslim:1477dIsḥāq b. Manṣūr > ʿAbd al-Raḥman > Sufyān > ʿĀṣim al-Aḥwal And ʾIsmāʿīl b. Abū Khālid > al-Shaʿbī > Masrūq > ʿĀʾishah

Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave us the option (to get divorce) and we chose him and he did not count it a divorce.  

مسلم:١٤٧٧dوَحَدَّثَنِي إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ عَنْ عَاصِمٍ الأَحْوَلِ وَإِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَبِي خَالِدٍ عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ

خَيَّرَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَاخْتَرْنَاهُ فَلَمْ يَعُدَّهُ طَلاَقًا  

muslim:1477eYaḥyá b. Yaḥyá And ʾAbū Bakr b. Abū Shaybah Waʾabū Kurayb > Yaḥyá > al-Ākharān > Abū Muʿāwiyah > al-Aʿmash > Muslim > Masrūq > ʿĀʾishah

Allah's Messeinger ﷺ gave us the option (to get divorce), but me made a choice of him and he did not count anything (as divorce) in regard to us.  

مسلم:١٤٧٧eحَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى وَأَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ وَأَبُو كُرَيْبٍ قَالَ يَحْيَى أَخْبَرَنَا وَقَالَ الآخَرَانِ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ عَنْ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ

خَيَّرَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَاخْتَرْنَاهُ فَلَمْ يَعْدُدْهَا عَلَيْنَا شَيْئًا  

muslim:1477fAbū al-Rabīʿ al-Zahrānī > Ismāʿīl b. Zakariyyāʾ > al-Aʿmash > Ibrāhīm > al-Aswad > ʿĀʾishah > al-Aʿmash > Muslim > Masrūq

A hadith like this has been transmitted on the authority of 'A'isha through another chain of narrators.  

مسلم:١٤٧٧fوَحَدَّثَنِي أَبُو الرَّبِيعِ الزَّهْرَانِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ زَكَرِيَّاءَ حَدَّثَنَا الأَعْمَشُ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنِ الأَسْوَدِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ وَعَنِ الأَعْمَشِ عَنْ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ

عَنْ عَائِشَةَ بِمِثْلِهِ  

muslim:1478Zuhayr b. Ḥarb > Rawḥ b. ʿUbādah > Zakariyyāʾ b. Isḥāq > Abū al-Zubayr > Jābir b. ʿAbdullāh

Abu Bakr (Allah be pleased with him) came and sought permission to see Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He found people sitting at his door and none amongst them had been granted permission, but it was granted to Abu Bakr and he went in. Then came 'Umar and he sought permission and it was granted to him, and he found Allah's Apostle ﷺ sitting sad and silent with his wives around him. He (Hadrat 'Umar) said: I would say something which would make the Prophet ﷺ laugh, so he said: Messenger of Allah, I wish you had seen (the treatment meted out to) the daughter ofKhadija when you asked me some money, and I got up and slapped her on her neck. Messenger of Allah (mav peace be upon him) laughed and said: They are around me as you see, asking for extra money. Abu Bakr (Allah be pleased with him) then got up went to 'A'isha (Allah be pleased with her) and slapped her on the neck, and 'Umar stood up before Hafsa and slapped her saying: You ask Messenger of Allah ﷺ which he does not possess. They said: By Allah, we do not ask Messenger of Allah ﷺ for anything he does not possess. Then he withdrew from them for a month or for twenty-nine days. Then this verse was revealed to him:" Prophet: Say to thy wives... for a mighty reward" (xxxiii. 28). He then went first to 'A'isha (Allah be pleased with her) and said: I want to propound something to you, 'A'isha, but wish no hasty reply before you consult your parents. She said: Messenger of Allah, what is that? He (the Holy Prophet) recited to her the verse, whereupon she said: Is it about you that I should consult my parents, Messenger of Allah? Nay, I choose Allah, His Messenger, and the Last Abode; but I ask you not to tell any of your wives what I have said He replied: Not one of them will ask me without my informing her. God did not send me to be harsh, or cause harm, but He has sent me to teach and make things easy.  

مسلم:١٤٧٨وَحَدَّثَنَا زُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ حَدَّثَنَا رَوْحُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ حَدَّثَنَا زَكَرِيَّاءُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الزُّبَيْرِ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ

دَخَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ يَسْتَأْذِنُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَوَجَدَ النَّاسَ جُلُوسًا بِبَابِهِ لَمْ يُؤْذَنْ لأَحَدٍ مِنْهُمْ قَالَ فَأُذِنَ لأَبِي بَكْرٍ فَدَخَلَ ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عُمَرُ فَاسْتَأْذَنَ فَأُذِنَ لَهُ فَوَجَدَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ جَالِسًا حَوْلَهُ نِسَاؤُهُ وَاجِمًا سَاكِتًا قَالَ فَقَالَ لأَقُولَنَّ شَيْئًا أُضْحِكُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لَوْ رَأَيْتَ بِنْتَ خَارِجَةَ سَأَلَتْنِي النَّفَقَةَ فَقُمْتُ إِلَيْهَا فَوَجَأْتُ عُنُقَهَا فَضَحِكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَقَالَ هُنَّ حَوْلِي كَمَا تَرَى يَسْأَلْنَنِي النَّفَقَةَ فَقَامَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ إِلَى عَائِشَةَ يَجَأُ عُنُقَهَا فَقَامَ عُمَرُ إِلَى حَفْصَةَ يَجَأُ عُنُقَهَا كِلاَهُمَا يَقُولُ تَسْأَلْنَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَا لَيْسَ عِنْدَهُ فَقُلْنَ وَاللَّهِ لاَ نَسْأَلُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ شَيْئًا أَبَدًا لَيْسَ عِنْدَهُ ثُمَّ اعْتَزَلَهُنَّ شَهْرًا أَوْ تِسْعًا وَعِشْرِينَ ثُمَّ نَزَلَتْ عَلَيْهِ هَذِهِ الآيَةُ { يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ قُلْ لأَزْوَاجِكَ} حَتَّى بَلَغَ { لِلْمُحْسِنَاتِ مِنْكُنَّ أَجْرًا عَظِيمًا} قَالَ فَبَدَأَ بِعَائِشَةَ فَقَالَ يَا عَائِشَةُ إِنِّي أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَعْرِضَ عَلَيْكَ أَمْرًا أُحِبُّ أَنْ لاَ تَعْجَلِي فِيهِ حَتَّى تَسْتَشِيرِي أَبَوَيْكِ قَالَتْ وَمَا هُوَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَتَلاَ عَلَيْهَا الآيَةَ قَالَتْ أَفِيكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَسْتَشِيرُ أَبَوَىَّ بَلْ أَخْتَارُ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَالدَّارَ الآخِرَةَ وَأَسْأَلُكَ أَنْ لاَ تُخْبِرَ امْرَأَةً مِنْ نِسَائِكَ بِالَّذِي قُلْتُ قَالَ لاَ تَسْأَلُنِي امْرَأَةٌ مِنْهُنَّ إِلاَّ أَخْبَرْتُهَا إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَمْ يَبْعَثْنِي مُعَنِّتًا وَلاَ مُتَعَنِّتًا وَلَكِنْ بَعَثَنِي مُعَلِّمًا مُيَسِّرًا