Yahya related to me that Malik said, "What is done in our community in the case of a man who makes his slave-girl a mudabbara and she gives birth to children after that, and then the slave-girl dies before the one who gave her a tadbir is that her children are in her position. The conditions which were confirmed for her are confirmed for them. The death of their mother does not harm them. If the one who made her mudabbara dies, they are free if their value is less than one third of his total property." Malik said, "For every mother by birth as opposed to mother by suckling, her children are in her position. If she is free and she gives birth after she is free, her children are free. If she is a mudabbara or mukataba, or freed after a number of years in service, or part of her is free or pledged or she is an umm walad, each of her children are in the same position as their mother. They are set free when she is set free and they are slaves when she is a slave." Malik said about the mudabbara given a tadbir while she was pregnant, "Her children are in her position. That is also the position of a man who frees his slave- girl while she is pregnant and does not know that she is pregnant." Malik said, "The sunna about such women is that their children follow them and are set free by their being set free." Malik said, "It is the same as if a man had bought a slave-girl while she was pregnant. The slave-girl and what is in her womb belong to the one who bought her whether or not the buyer stipulates that." Malik continued, "It is not halal for the seller to make an exception about what is in her womb because that is an uncertain transaction. It reduces her price and he does not know if that will reach him or not. That is as if one sold the foetus in the womb of the mother. That is not halal because it is an uncertain transaction ." Malik said about the mukatab or mudabbar who bought a slave- girl and had intercourse with her and she became pregnant by him and gives birth, "The children of both of them by a slave-girl are in his position. They are set free when he is set free and they are slaves when he is a slave." Malik said, "When he is set free, the umm walad is part of his property which is surrendered to him when he is set free."  

الأمْرُ عِنْدَنا فِيمَن دَبَّرَ جارِيَةً لَهُ. فَوَلَدَتْ أوْلادًا بَعْدَ تَدْبِيرِهِ إيّاها. ثُمَّ ماتَتِ الجارِيَةُ قَبْلَ الَّذِي دَبَّرَها: «إنَّ ولَدَها بِمَنزِلَتِها. قَدْ ثَبَتَ لَهُمْ مِنَ الشَّرْطِ مِثْلُ الَّذِي ثَبَتَ لَها. ولا يَضُرُّهُمْ هَلاكُ أُمِّهِمْ. فَإذا ماتَ الَّذِي كانَ دَبَّرَها فَقَدْ عَتَقُوا، إنْ وسِعَهُمُ الثُّلُثُ» وقالَ مالِكٌ: «كُلُّ ذاتِ رَحِمٍ فَوَلَدُها بِمَنزِلَتِها. إنْ كانَتْ حُرَّةً فَوَلَدَتْ بَعْدَ عِتْقِها. فَوَلَدُها أحْرارٌ. وإنْ كانَتْ مُدَبَّرَةً أوْ مُكاتَبَةً أوْ مُعْتَقَةً إلى سِنِينَ. أوْ مُخْدَمَةً أوْ بَعْضَها حُرًّا أوْ مَرْهُونَةً أوْ أُمَّ ولَدٍ فَوَلَدُ كُلِّ واحِدَةٍ مِنهُنَّ عَلى مِثالِ حالِ أُمِّهِ. يَعْتِقُونَ بِعِتْقِها ويَرِقُّونَ بِرِقِّها» قالَ مالِكٌ فِي مُدَبَّرَةٍ دُبِّرَتْ وهِيَ حامِلٌ ولَمْ يَعْلَمْ سَيِّدُها بِحَمْلِها: «إنَّ ولَدَها بِمَنزِلَتِها. وإنَّما ذَلِكَ بِمَنزِلَةِ رَجُلٍ أعْتَقَ جارِيَةً لَهُ وهِيَ حامِلٌ. ولَمْ يَعْلَمْ بِحَمْلِها» قالَ مالِكٌ: «فالسُّنَّةُ فِيها أنَّ ولَدَها يَتْبَعُها ويَعْتِقُ بِعِتْقِها» -[٨١١]- قالَ مالِكٌ: «وكَذَلِكَ لَوْ أنَّ رَجُلًا ابْتاعَ جارِيَةً وهِيَ حامِلٌ. فالوَلِيدَةُ وما فِي بَطْنِها لِمَنِ ابْتاعَها. اشْتَرَطَ ذَلِكَ المُبْتاعُ أوْ لَمْ يَشْتَرِطْهُ» قالَ مالِكٌ: «ولا يَحِلُّ لِلْبائِعِ أنْ يَسْتَثْنِيَ ما فِي بَطْنِها. لِأنَّ ذَلِكَ غَرَرٌ. يَضَعُ مِن ثَمَنِها. ولا يَدْرِي أيَصِلُ ذَلِكَ إلَيْهِ أمْ لا. وإنَّما ذَلِكَ بِمَنزِلَةِ ما لَوْ باعَ جَنِينًا فِي بَطْنِ أُمِّهِ. وذَلِكَ لا يَحِلُّ لَهُ، لِأنَّهُ غَرَرٌ» قالَ مالِكٌ فِي مُكاتَبٍ أوْ مُدَبَّرٍ ابْتاعَ أحَدُهُما جارِيَةً. فَوَطِئَها. فَحَمَلَتْ مِنهُ ووَلَدَتْ. قالَ: «ولَدُ كُلِّ واحِدٍ مِنهُما مِن جارِيَتِهِ بِمَنزِلَتِهِ. يَعْتِقُونَ بِعِتْقِهِ. ويَرِقُّونَ بِرِقِّهِ» قالَ مالِكٌ: «فَإذا أُعْتِقَ هُوَ. فَإنَّما أُمُّ ولَدِهِ مالٌ مِن مالِهِ. يُسَلَّمُ إلَيْهِ إذا أُعْتِقَ»