0. Introduction

٠۔ كتاب المقدمة

0.7 Avoiding Bid'ah (innovation) and dispute

٠۔٧ باب اجْتِنَابِ الْبِدَعِ وَالْجَدَلِ

ibnmajah:45Sūwayd b. Saʿīd And ʾAḥmad b. Thābit al-Jaḥdarī

"When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ delivered a sermon, his eyes would turn red, he would raise his voice and he would speak with intensity, as if he were warning of an (enemy) army, saying, 'They will surely attack you in the morning, or they will surely attack you in the evening!' He would say: 'I and the Hour have been sent like these two,' and he would hold his index and middle finger. Then he would say: 'The best of guidance is the guidance of Muhammad. The most evil matters are those that are newly-invented, and every innovation (Bid'ah) is a going astray.' And he used to say: 'Whoever dies and leaves behind some wealth, it is for his family, and whoever leaves behind a debt or dependent children, then they are both my responsibility.'"  

ابن ماجة:٤٥حَدَّثَنَا سُوَيْدُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ وَأَحْمَدُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ الْجَحْدَرِيُّ قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ الثَّقَفِيُّ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ

كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِذَا خَطَبَ احْمَرَّتْ عَيْنَاهُ وَعَلاَ صَوْتُهُ وَاشْتَدَّ غَضَبُهُ كَأَنَّهُ مُنْذِرُ جَيْشٍ يَقُولُ صَبَّحَكُمْ مَسَّاكُمْ وَيَقُولُ بُعِثْتُ أَنَا وَالسَّاعَةَ كَهَاتَيْنِ وَيَقْرِنُ بَيْنَ إِصْبَعَيْهِ السَّبَّابَةِ وَالْوُسْطَى ثُمَّ يَقُولُ أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنَّ خَيْرَ الأُمُورِ كِتَابُ اللَّهِ وَخَيْرَ الْهَدْىِ هَدْىُ مُحَمَّدٍ وَشَرَّ الأُمُورِ مُحْدَثَاتُهَا وَكُلَّ بِدْعَةٍ ضَلاَلَةٌ وَكَانَ يَقُولُ مَنْ تَرَكَ مَالاً فَلأَهْلِهِ وَمَنْ تَرَكَ دَيْنًا أَوْ ضَيَاعًا فَعَلَىَّ وَإِلَىَّ  

ibnmajah:46Muḥammad b. ʿUbayd b. Maymūn al-Madanī Abū ʿUbayd from my father > Muḥammad b. Jaʿfar b. Abū Kathīr > Mūsá b. ʿUqbah > Abū Isḥāq > Abū al-Aḥwaṣ > ʿAbdullāh b. Masʿūd

the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Verily there are two things - words and guidance. The best words are the words of Allah, and the best guidance in the guidance of Muhammad. Beware of newly-invented matters, for every newly-invented matter is an innovation (Bid'ah) and every innovation is a going-stray. Do not let the desire for a long life causes your hearts to grow hard. That which is bound to happen is close to you, and the only thing that is far away is that which is not going to happen. The one who is doomed to Hell is doomed from his mother's womb, and the one who is destined for Paradise is the one who learns from the lessons of others. Killing a believer constitutes disbelief (Kufr) and verbally abusing him is immorality (Fusuq). It is not permissible for a Muslim to forsake his brother for more than three days. Beware of lying, for lying is never good, whether it is done seriously or in jest. A man should not make a promise to a child that he will not keep. Lying leads to immorality and immorality leads to Hell. Truthfulness leads to righteousness and righteousness leads to Paradise. It will be said of the truthful person: 'He spoke the truth and was righteous', and it will be said of the liar, 'He told lies and was immoral.' "For a person continues to tell lies until he is recorded with Allah as a liar."  

ابن ماجة:٤٦حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ الْمَدَنِيُّ أَبُو عُبَيْدٍ حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ عُقْبَةَ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ أَبِي الأَحْوَصِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ إِنَّمَا هُمَا اثْنَتَانِ الْكَلاَمُ وَالْهَدْىُ فَأَحْسَنُ الْكَلاَمِ كَلاَمُ اللَّهِ وَأَحْسَنُ الْهَدْىِ هَدْىُ مُحَمَّدٍ أَلاَ وَإِيَّاكُمْ وَمُحْدَثَاتِ الأُمُورِ فَإِنَّ شَرَّ الأُمُورِ مُحْدَثَاتُهَا وَكُلُّ مُحْدَثَةٍ بِدْعَةٌ وَكُلُّ بِدْعَةٍ ضَلاَلَةٌ أَلاَ لاَ يَطُولَنَّ عَلَيْكُمُ الأَمَدُ فَتَقْسُوَ قُلُوبُكُمْ أَلاَ إِنَّ مَا هُوَ آتٍ قَرِيبٌ وَإِنَّمَا الْبَعِيدُ مَا لَيْسَ بِآتٍ أَلاَ إِنَّ الشَّقِيَّ مَنْ شَقِيَ فِي بَطْنِ أُمِّهِ وَالسَّعِيدَ مَنْ وُعِظَ بِغَيْرِهِ أَلاَ إِنَّ قِتَالَ الْمُؤْمِنِ كُفْرٌ وَسِبَابُهُ فُسُوقٌ وَلاَ يَحِلُّ لِمُسْلِمٍ أَنْ يَهْجُرَ أَخَاهُ فَوْقَ ثَلاَثٍ أَلاَ وَإِيَّاكُمْ وَالْكَذِبَ فَإِنَّ الْكَذِبَ لاَ يَصْلُحُ بِالْجِدِّ وَلاَ بِالْهَزْلِ وَلاَ يَعِدِ الرَّجُلُ صَبِيَّهُ ثُمَّ لاَ يَفِيَ لَهُ فَإِنَّ الْكَذِبَ يَهْدِي إِلَى الْفُجُورِ وَإِنَّ الْفُجُورَ يَهْدِي إِلَى النَّارِ وَإِنَّ الصِّدْقَ يَهْدِي إِلَى الْبِرِّ وَإِنَّ الْبِرَّ يَهْدِي إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ وَإِنَّهُ يُقَالُ لِلصَّادِقِ صَدَقَ وَبَرَّ وَيُقَالُ لِلْكَاذِبِ كَذَبَ وَفَجَرَ أَلاَ وَإِنَّ الْعَبْدَ يَكْذِبُ حَتَّى يُكْتَبَ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ كَذَّابًا  

ibnmajah:47[Chain 1] Muḥammad b. Khālid b. Khidāsh > Ismāʿīl Ibn ʿUlayyah > Ayyūb [Chain 2] Aḥmad b. Thābit al-Jaḥdarī And Yaḥyá b. Ḥakīm > ʿAbd al-Wahhāb > Ayyūb > ʿAbdullāh b. Abū Mulaykah > ʿĀʾishah

"The Messenger of Allah ﷺ recited the following Verse: 'It is He Who has sent down to you (Muhammad) the Book (this Qur'an). In it are verses that are entirely clear, they are the foundations of the Book; and others not entirely clear (up to His saying: ) 'And none receive admonition except men of understanding.' Then he said: 'O 'Aishah, if you see those who dispute concerning it (the Qur'an), they are those whom Allah has referred to here, so beware of them.'"  

ابن ماجة:٤٧حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ خَالِدِ بْنِ خِدَاشٍ حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ ابْنُ عُلَيَّةَ حَدَّثَنَا أَيُّوبُ ح وَحَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ الْجَحْدَرِيُّ وَيَحْيَى بْنُ حَكِيمٍ قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ حَدَّثَنَا أَيُّوبُ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي مُلَيْكَةَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ

تَلاَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ هَذِهِ الآيَةَ {هُوَ الَّذِي أَنْزَلَ عَلَيْكَ الْكِتَابَ مِنْهُ آيَاتٌ مُحْكَمَاتٌ هُنَّ أُمُّ الْكِتَابِ وَأُخَرُ مُتَشَابِهَاتٌ} إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {وَمَا يَذَّكَّرُ إِلاَّ أُولُو الأَلْبَابِ} فَقَالَ يَا عَائِشَةُ إِذَا رَأَيْتُمُ الَّذِينَ يُجَادِلُونَ فِيهِ فَهُمُ الَّذِينَ عَنَاهُمُ اللَّهُ فَاحْذَرُوهُمْ  

ibnmajah:48[Chain 1] ʿAlī b. al-Mundhir > Muḥammad b. Fuḍayl [Chain 2] Ḥawtharah b. Muḥammad > Muḥammad b. Bishr > Ḥajjāj b. Dīnār > Abū Ghālib > Abū Umāmah

"The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'No people go astray after having followed right guidance, but those who indulge in disputes.' Then he recited the Verse: "Nay! But they are a quarrelsome people.'"  

ابن ماجة:٤٨حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْمُنْذِرِ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ فُضَيْلٍ ح وَحَدَّثَنَا حَوْثَرَةُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بِشْرٍ قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا حَجَّاجُ بْنُ دِينَارٍ عَنْ أَبِي غَالِبٍ عَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ قَالَ

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَا ضَلَّ قَوْمٌ بَعْدَ هُدًى كَانُوا عَلَيْهِ إِلاَّ أُوتُوا الْجَدَلَ ثُمَّ تَلاَ هَذِهِ الآيَةَ {بَلْ هُمْ قَوْمٌ خَصِمُونَ}  

ibnmajah:49Dāwud b. Sulaymān al-ʿAskarī > Muḥammad b. ʿAlī Abū Hāshim b. Abū Khidāsh al-Mawṣilī > Muḥammad b. Miḥṣan > Ibrāhīm b. Abū ʿAblah > ʿAbdullāh b. al-Daylamī > Ḥudhayfah

"The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'Allah will not accept any fasting, prayer, charity, Hajj, 'Umrah, Jihad, or any other obligatory or voluntary action from a person who follows innovation (Bid'ah). He comes out of Islam like a hair pulled out of dough."  

ابن ماجة:٤٩حَدَّثَنَا دَاوُدُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ الْعَسْكَرِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ أَبُو هَاشِمٍ بْنُ أَبِي خِدَاشٍ الْمَوْصِلِيُّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مِحْصَنٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْلَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الدَّيْلَمِيِّ عَنْ حُذَيْفَةَ قَالَ

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لاَ يَقْبَلُ اللَّهُ لِصَاحِبِ بِدْعَةٍ صَوْمًا وَلاَ صَلاَةً وَلاَ صَدَقَةً وَلاَ حَجًّا وَلاَ عُمْرَةً وَلاَ جِهَادًا وَلاَ صَرْفًا وَلاَ عَدْلاً يَخْرُجُ مِنَ الإِسْلاَمِ كَمَا تَخْرُجُ الشَّعَرَةُ مِنَ الْعَجِينِ  

ibnmajah:50ʿAbdullāh b. Saʿīd > Bishr b. Manṣūr al-Khayyāṭ > Abū Zayd > Abū al-Mughīrah > ʿAbdullāh b. ʿAbbās

"The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'Allah refuses to accept the good deeds of one who follows innovation until he gives up that innovation.'"  

ابن ماجة:٥٠حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ حَدَّثَنَا بِشْرُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ الْخَيَّاطُ عَنْ أَبِي زَيْدٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَبَى اللَّهُ أَنْ يَقْبَلَ عَمَلَ صَاحِبِ بِدْعَةٍ حَتَّى يَدَعَ بِدْعَتَهُ  

ibnmajah:51ʿAbd al-Raḥman b. Ibrāhīm al-Dimashqī And Hārūn b. Isḥāq > Ibn Abū Fudayk > Salamah b. Wardān > Anas b. Mālik

"The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'Whoever gives up telling lies in support of a false claim, a palace will be built for him in the outskirts of Paradise. Whoever gives up argument when he is in the right, a palace will be built from him in the middle (of Paradise). And whoever had good behavior, a palace will be built for him in the highest reaches (of Paradise).'"  

ابن ماجة:٥١حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الدِّمَشْقِيُّ وَهَارُونُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي فُدَيْكٍ عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ وَرْدَانَ عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَ

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَنْ تَرَكَ الْكَذِبَ وَهُوَ بَاطِلٌ بُنِيَ لَهُ قَصْرٌ فِي رَبَضِ الْجَنَّةِ وَمَنْ تَرَكَ الْمِرَاءَ وَهُوَ مُحِقٌّ بُنِيَ لَهُ فِي وَسَطِهَا وَمَنْ حَسَّنَ خُلُقَهُ بُنِيَ لَهُ فِي أَعْلاَهَا