0. Introduction
٠۔ المقدمة
One of you is wishing live coal from Hell. and putting it on his hand. It was said to the person after Messenger of Allah ﷺ had left: Take your signet ring (of gold) and derive benefit out of it. whereupon he said: No, by Allah, I would never take it when Messenger of Allah ﷺ has thrown it away. (Using translation from Muslim 2090)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ رَأَى خَاتَمًا مِنْ ذَهَبٍ فِي يَدِ رَجُلٍ فَنَزَعَهُ فَطَرَحَهُ فَقَالَ «يَعْمِدُ أَحَدُهُمْ إِلَى جَمْرَةٍ مِنَ النَّارِ فَيَجْعَلُهَا فِي يَدِهِ» فَقِيلَ لِلرَّجُلِ بَعْدَمَا ذَهَبَ خُذْ خَاتَمَكَ فَانْتَفِعْ بِهِ فَقَالَ لَا وَاللَّهِ لَا آخُذُهُ أَبَدًا وَقَدْ طَرَحَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ
ذِكْرُ الْخَبَرِ الْمُدْحِضِ قَوْلَ مَنْ زَعَمَ أَنَّ أَمْرَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِالشَّيْءِ، لَا يَجُوزُ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ مُفَسَّرًا يُعْقَلُ مِنْ ظَاهِرِ خِطَابِهِ
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: When there is a call to prayer the devil runs back breaking the wind so that he may not hear the call, and when the call is complete he comes back. And when the takbir is pronounced he again runs back, and when takbir is over he comes back and distracts a man saying: Remember such and such, remember such and such, referring to something the man did not have in his mind. with the result that he does not know how much he has prayed; so when any one of you is not sure how much he has prayed. he should perform two prostrations while sitting (qa'da). (Using translation from Muslim 389h)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «إِذَا نُودِيَ بِالْأَذَانِ أَدْبَرَ الشَّيْطَانُ لَهُ ضُرَاطٌ حَتَّى لَا يَسْمَعَ الْأَذَانَ فَإِذَا قُضِيَ الْأَذَانُ أَقْبَلَ فَإِذَا ثُوِّبَ بِهَا أَدْبَرَ فَإِذَا قُضِيَ التَّثْوِيبُ أَقْبَلَ يَخْطُرُ بَيْنَ الْمَرْءِ وَنَفْسِهِ اذْكُرْ كَذَا اذْكُرْ كَذَا لِمَا لَمْ يَكُنْ يَذْكُرُ حَتَّى يَظَلَّ الرَّجُلُ إِنْ يَدْرِي كَمْ صَلَّى فَإِذَا لَمْ يَدْرِ كَمْ صَلَّى فَلْيَسْجُدْ سَجْدَتَيْنِ وَهُوَ جَالِسٌ»
ذِكْرُ إِيجَابِ الْجَنَّةِ لِمَنْ أَطَاعَ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ، فِيمَا أَمَرَ وَنَهَى
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "By the One in Whose hand is my soul, all of you will enter Paradise except those who refuse and turn away from Allah like the stubborn camel." They asked, "O Messenger of Allah, who would refuse to enter Paradise?" He replied, "Whoever obeys me will enter Paradise, and whoever disobeys me has refused."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَتَدْخُلُنَّ الْجَنَّةَ كُلُّكُمْ إِلَّا مَنْ أَبَى وَشَرَدَ عَلَى اللَّهِ كَشِرَادِ الْبَعِيرِ» قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَمَنْ يَأْبَى أَنْ يَدْخُلَ الْجَنَّةَ؟ قَالَ «مَنْ أَطَاعَنِي دَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ وَمَنْ عَصَانِي فَقَدْ أَبَى»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ الْمَنَاهِيَ عَنِ الْمُصْطَفَى ﷺ وَالْأَوَامِرَ فَرْضٌ عَلَى حَسَبِ الطَّاقَةِ عَلَى أُمَّتِهِ، لَا يَسَعُهُمُ التَّخَلُّفُ عَنْهَا
[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said, "Leave me with what I have left you with, for indeed those who came before you were destroyed due to their excessive questioning and disputes regarding their prophets. I have prohibited you from certain things, so refrain from them, and I have commanded you with certain things, so fulfill them to the best of your ability."
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ «ذَرُونِي مَا تَرَكْتُكُمْ فَإِنَّمَا هَلَكَ مَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ بِكَثْرَةِ سُؤَالِهِمْ وَاخْتِلَافِهِمْ عَلَى أَنْبِيَائِهِمْ مَا نَهَيْتُكُمْ عَنْهُ فَانْتَهُوا وَمَا أَمَرْتُكُمْ بِهِ فَأْتُوا مِنْهُ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ»
0.3.4 Subsection
٠۔٣۔٤ ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ النَّوَاهِيَ سَبِيلُهَا الْحَتْمُ، وَالْإِيجَابُ إِلَّا أَنْ تَقُومَ الدَّلَالَةُ عَلَى نَدْبِيَّتِهَا
Avoid that which I forbid you to do and do that which I command you to do to the best of your capacity. Verily the people before you went to their doom because they had put too many questions to their Prophets and then disagreed with their teachings. (Using translation from Muslim 1337b)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «إِنَّمَا أَهْلَكَ مَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ سُؤَالُهُمْ وَاخْتِلَافُهُمْ عَلَى أَنْبِيَائِهِمْ فَإِذَا نَهَيْتُكُمْ عَنْ شَيْءٍ فَاجْتَنِبُوهُ وَإِذَا أَمَرْتُكُمْ بِأَمْرٍ فَأْتُوا مِنْهُ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ»
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Whatever I have forbidden you from, refrain from it. And whatever I have commanded you to do, do it to the best of your ability."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «مَا نَهَيْتُكُمْ عَنْ شَيْءٍ فَاجْتَنِبُوهُ وَمَا أَمَرْتُكُمْ بِالْأَمْرِ فَأْتُوا مِنْهُ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ»
The Prophet said: "Leave me as I have left you (Don't ask me the minor things that I have avoided to tell you). For those who came before you were doomed because of their questions and differences with their Prophets. If I commanded you to do something, then do as much of it as you can, and if I forbid you from doing something, then refrain from it." (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 2)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «ذَرُونِي مَا تَرَكْتُكُمْ فَإِنَّمَا هَلَكَ مَنْ قَبْلَكُمْ بِسُؤَالِهِمْ وَاخْتِلَافِهِمْ عَلَى أَنْبِيَائِهِمْ فَإِذَا نَهَيْتُكُمْ عَنْ شَيْءٍ فَاجْتَنِبُوهُ وَإِذَا أَمَرْتُكُمْ بِالشَّيْءِ فَأْتُوا مِنْهُ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ»
0.3 [Machine] Chapter: The Mention of How the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ Used to Instruct His Ummah in Matters Pertaining to Their Religion, Both Verbally and Practically.
٠۔٣ فَصْلٌ ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ الْمُصْطَفَى ﷺ كَانَ يَأْمُرُ أُمَّتَهُ بِمَا يَحْتَاجُونَ إِلَيْهِ، مِنْ أَمْرِ دِينِهِمْ قَوْلًا وَفِعْلًا مَعًا
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ قَوْلَهُ ﷺ «وَإِذَا أَمَرْتُكُمْ بِشَيْءٍ» أَرَادَ بِهِ مِنْ أُمُورِ الدِّينِ، لَا مِنْ أُمُورِ الدُّنْيَا
“What is this noise?” They said: “Palm trees that are being pollinated.” He said: “If they did not do that it would be better.” So they did not pollinate them that year, and the dates did not mature properly. they mentioned that to the Prophet ﷺ and he said: “If it is one of the matters of your religion, then refer to me.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 2471)
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ سَمِعَ أَصْوَاتًا فَقَالَ «مَا هَذِهِ الْأَصْوَاتُ؟ » قَالُوا النَّخْلُ يَأْبِرُونَهُ فَقَالَ «لَوْ لَمْ يَفْعَلُوا لَصَلُحَ ذَلِكَ» فَأَمْسَكُوا فَلَمْ يَأْبِرُوا عَامَّتَهُ فَصَارَ شِيصًا فَذُكِرَ ذَلِكَ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ «إِذَا كَانَ شَيْءٌ مِنْ أَمْرِ دُنْيَاكُمْ فَشَأْنُكُمْ وَإِذَا كَانَ شَيْءٌ مِنْ أَمْرِ دِينِكُمْ فَإِلَيَّ»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ قَوْلَهُ ﷺ «فَمَا أَمَرْتُكُمْ بِشَيْءٍ، فَأْتُوا مِنْهُ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ» أَرَادَ بِهِ: مَا أَمَرْتُكُمْ بِشَيْءٍ مِنْ أَمْرِ الدِّينِ، لَا مِنْ أَمْرِ الدُّنْيَا
What are you doing? They said: We are grafting them, whereupon he said: It may perhaps be good for you if you do not do that, so they abandoned this practice (and the date-palms) began to yield less fruit. They made a mention of it (to the Holy Prophet), whereupon he said: I am a human being, so when I command you about a thing pertaining to religion, do accept it, and when I command you about a thing out of my personal opinion, keep it in mind that I am a human being. 'Ikrima reported that he said something like this. (Using translation from Muslim 2362)
قَدِمَ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْمَدِينَةَ وَهُمْ يُؤَبِّرُونَ النَّخْلَ يَقُولُ يُلَقِّحُونَ قَالَ فَقَالَ «مَا تَصْنَعُونَ؟ » فَقَالُوا شَيْئًا كَانُوا يَصْنَعُونَهُ فَقَالَ «لَوْ لَمْ تَفْعَلُوا كَانَ خَيْرًا» فَتَرَكُوهَا فَنَفَضَتْ أَوْ نَقَصَتْ فَذَكَرُوا ذَلِكَ لَهُ فَقَالَ ﷺ «إِنَّمَا أَنَا بَشَرٌ إِذَا حَدَّثْتُكُمْ بِشَيْءٍ مِنْ أَمْرِ دِينِكُمْ فَخُذُوا بِهِ وَإِذَا حَدَّثْتُكُمْ بِشَيْءٍ مِنْ دُنْيَاكُمْ فَإِنَّمَا أَنَا بَشَرٌ»
ذِكْرُ نَفْيِ الْإِيمَانِ عَمَّنْ لَمْ يَخْضَعْ لِسُنَنِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَوِ اعْتَرَضَ عَلَيْهَا بِالْمُقَايَسَاتِ الْمَقْلُوبَةِ، وَالْمُخْتَرَعَاتِ الدَّاحِضَةِ
"A man from the Ansar disputed with Az-Zubair before the Messenger of Allah ﷺ about the canals of Harrah which they used to irrigate the date palms. The Ansari said: 'Let the water pass'. But he refused, So they brought their dispute to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to Az-Zubair: 'O Zubair! Irrigate (your land) then let the water pass to you neighbor.' The Ansari became angry and said:'[O Messenger of Allah!] Is this because he is your aunt's son?' The face of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ changed color. Then he said: 'O Zubair! Irrigate (your land) and then withhold the water until it reaches the walls.' Az-Zubair said: 'By Allah! I think that this Ayah was revealed about that: But no, by your Lord, they can have no Faith until they make you (O Muhammad) judge in all disputes between them, and find in themselves no resistance against your decisions and accept (them) with full submission.'" (Using translation from Tirmidhī 1363)
أَنَّ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ خَاصَمَ الزُّبَيْرَ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي شِرَاجِ الْحَرَّةِ الَّتِي يَسْقُونَ بِهَا النَّخْلَ فَقَالَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ سَرِّحِ الْمَاءَ يَمُرَّ فَأَبَى عَلَيْهِ الزُّبَيْرُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «اسْقِ يَا زُبَيْرُ ثُمَّ أَرْسِلْ إِلَى جَارِكَ» فَغَضِبَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ وَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَنْ كَانَ ابْنَ عَمَّتِكَ؟ فَتَلَوَّنَ وَجْهُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «اسْقِ يَا زُبَيْرُ ثُمَّ احْبِسِ الْمَاءَ حَتَّى يَرْجِعَ إِلَى الْجَدْرِ» قَالَ الزُّبَيْرُ فَوَاللَّهِ لَأَحْسَبُ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ نَزَلَتْ فِي ذَلِكَ {فَلَا وَرَبِّكَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ حَتَّى يُحَكِّمُوكَ فِيمَا شَجَرَ بَيْنَهُمْ} الْآيَةَ
ذِكْرُ الْخَبَرِ الدَّالِّ عَلَى أَنَّ مَنِ اعْتَرَضَ عَلَى السُّنَنِ بِالتَّأْوِيلَاتِ الْمُضْمَحِلَّةِ، وَلَمْ يَنْقَدْ لِقَبُولِهَا كَانَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْبِدَعِ
[Machine] Ali sent a gift of gold in Adram to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ from Yemen. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ divided it between Zaid al-Khayl, Al-Aqra ibn Habis, Uyainah ibn Hisn, and Al-Qamah ibn Ulathah. Some of the Muhajireen and Ansar said: "We are more deserving of this." The news reached the Prophet ﷺ , and he became angry and said, "Do you not trust me when I am the most trustworthy among those in the heavens? I receive information about those in the heavens in the morning and in the evening." Then, a man with protruding eyes, a wide face, thick beard, shaved head, and loosened waistcloth came to him and said, "O Messenger of Allah, fear Allah." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Am I not the most righteous among the people of the Earth to fear Allah?" He then turned away. Khalid, the Sword of Allah, approached the Prophet ﷺ and said, "Shall I strike his neck?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "No, perhaps he prays." He ﷺ said, "Many who pray say with their tongues what is not in their hearts." He ﷺ looked at him sternly and said, "He will come out from the offspring of this man, a people who recite the Book of Allah but it will not go beyond their throats. They will pass through the religion as an arrow passes through its target." Umamah added, "I thought he ﷺ said, 'If I find them, I will kill them as Thamud was killed.'"
بَعَثَ عَلِيٌّ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِنَ الْيَمَنِ بِذَهَبٍ فِي أَدَمٍ فَقَسَمَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بَيْنَ زَيْدِ الْخَيْلِ وَالْأَقْرَعِ بْنِ حَابِسٍ وَعُيَيْنَةَ بْنِ حِصْنٍ وَعَلْقَمَةَ بْنِ عُلَاثَةَ فَقَالَ أُنَاسٌ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالْأَنْصَارِ نَحْنُ أَحَقُّ بِهَذَا فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَشَقَّ عَلَيْهِ وَقَالَ «أَلَا تَأْمَنُونِي وَأَنَا أَمِينُ مَنْ فِي السَّمَاءِ يَأْتِينِي خَبَرُ مَنْ فِي السَّمَاءِ صَبَاحًا وَمَسَاءً؟ » فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ نَاتِئُ الْعَيْنَيْنِ مُشْرِفُ الْوَجْنَتَيْنِ نَاشِزُ الْوَجْهِ كَثُّ اللِّحْيَةِ مَحْلُوقُ الرَّأْسِ مُشَمَّرُ الْإِزَارِ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ اتَّقِ اللَّهَ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «أَوَ لَسْتُ بِأَحَقِّ أَهْلِ الْأَرْضِ أَنْ أَتَّقِيَ اللَّهَ؟ » ثُمَّ أَدْبَرَ فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ خَالِدٌ سَيْفُ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَلَا أَضْرِبُ عُنُقَهُ؟ فَقَالَ «لَا إِنَّهُ لَعَلَّهُ يُصَلِّي» قَالَ إِنَّهُ رُبَّ مُصَلٍّ يَقُولُ بِلِسَانِهِ مَا لَيْسَ فِي قَلْبِهِ قَالَ «إِنِّي لَمْ أُومَرْ أَنْ أَشُقَّ قُلُوبَ النَّاسِ وَلَا أَشُقَّ بُطُونَهُمْ» فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ مُقَفَّى فَقَالَ «إِنَّهُ سَيَخْرُجُ مِنْ ضِئْضِئِ هَذَا قَوْمٌ يَتْلُونَ كِتَابَ اللَّهِ لَا يُجَاوِزُ حَنَاجِرَهُمْ يَمْرُقُونَ مِنَ الدِّينِ كَمَا يَمْرُقُ السَّهْمُ مِنَ الرَّمِيَّةِ» قَالَ عُمَارَةُ فَحَسِبْتُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ لَئِنْ أَدْرَكْتُهُمْ لَأَقْتُلَنَّهُمْ قَتْلَ ثَمُودَ
ذِكْرُ الزَّجْرِ عَنْ أَنْ يُحَدِّثَ الْمَرْءُ فِي أُمُورِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، مَا لَمْ يَأْذَنْ بِهِ اللَّهُ وَلَا رَسُولُهُ
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Whoever innovates something in this matter of ours (i.e. Islam) that is not part of it, will have it rejected." (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 14)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «مَنْ أَحْدَثَ فِي أَمْرِنَا هَذَا مَا لَيْسَ مِنْهُ فَهُوَ رَدٌّ»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ كُلَّ مَنْ أَحْدَثَ فِي دِينِ اللَّهِ حُكْمًا لَيْسَ مَرْجِعُهُ إِلَى الْكِتَابِ وَالسُّنَّةِ، فَهُوَ مَرْدُودٌ غَيْرُ مَقْبُولٍ
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Whoever innovates something in this matter of ours (i.e. Islam) that is not part of it, will have it rejected." (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 14)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «مَنْ أَحْدَثَ فِي أَمْرِنَا هَذَا مَا لَيْسَ مِنْهُ فَهُوَ رَدٌّ»