50. Makaatib

٥٠۔ كتاب المكاتب

50.1 The sin of one who falsely accuses his slave of illegal sexual intercourse

٥٠۔١ باب إِثْمِ مَنْ قَذَفَ مَمْلُوكَهُ الْمُكَاتَبِ

[Machine] "The desks and their stars, every year is a star and his saying: 'And those who seek the Scripture from what your right hands possess, write it for them if you know there is good in them and give them from the wealth of Allah which He has given you.' And Ruwa narrated from Ibn Jurayj, I said to Ata'ah, 'Is it obligatory upon me, if I know that he has wealth, to write for him?' He said, 'I do not see it except as obligatory.' And Amr ibn Dinar said, I said to Ata'ah, 'Did he narrate it from anyone?' He said, 'No, but then he informed me that Musa ibn Anas told him that Sireen asked Anas about writing and he was wealthy but he refused. Then he went to Umar and he said, 'Write for him.' He refused so Umar struck him with a door and recited, 'So write for them if you know there is good in them' so he wrote for him."

الْمُكَاتَبِ وَنُجُومِهِ فِي كُلِّ سَنَةٍ نَجْمٌ وَقَوْلِهِ: {وَالَّذِينَ يَبْتَغُونَ الْكِتَابَ مِمَّا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ فَكَاتِبُوهُمْ إِنْ عَلِمْتُمْ فِيهِمْ خَيْرًا وَآتُوهُمْ مِنْ مَالِ اللَّهِ الَّذِي آتَاكُمْ}. وَقَالَ رَوْحٌ عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ قُلْتُ لِعَطَاءٍ أَوَاجِبٌ عَلَيَّ إِذَا عَلِمْتُ لَهُ مَالاً أَنْ أُكَاتِبَهُ قَالَ مَا أُرَاهُ إِلاَّ وَاجِبًا. وَقَالَهُ عَمْرُو بْنُ دِينَارٍ قُلْتُ لِعَطَاءٍ أَتَأْثُرُهُ عَنْ أَحَدٍ قَالَ لاَ، ثُمَّ أَخْبَرَنِي أَنَّ مُوسَى بْنَ أَنَسٍ أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ سِيرِينَ سَأَلَ أَنَسًا الْمُكَاتَبَةَ وَكَانَ كَثِيرَ الْمَالِ فَأَبَى، فَانْطَلَقَ إِلَى عُمَرَ ؓ فَقَالَ كَاتِبْهُ. فَأَبَى فَضَرَبَهُ بِالدِّرَّةِ وَيَتْلُو عُمَرُ: {فَكَاتِبُوهُمْ إِنْ عَلِمْتُمْ فِيهِمْ خَيْرًا} فَكَاتَبَهُ.

bukhari:2560al-Layth > Yūnus > Ibn Shihāb > ʿUrwah > ʿĀʾishah

Narrated 'Aishah (ra) that Barira came to seek her help writing of emancipation and she had to pay five Uqiya (of gold) by five yearly installments. 'Aishah said to her, "Do you think that if I pay the whole sum at once, your masters will sell you to me, and I will free you and your Wala' will be for me." Barira went to her masters and told them about that offer. They said that they would not agree to it unless her Wala' would be for them. 'Aishah further said, "I went to Messenger of Allah ﷺ and told him about it." Allah Messenger ﷺ said to her, "Buy Barira and manumit her and the Wala' will be for the liberator." Messenger of Allah ﷺ then got up and said, "What about those people who stipulate conditions that are not present in Allah's Laws? If anybody stipulates a condition which is not in Allah's Laws, then what he stipulates is invalid. Allah's Condition (Laws) are the truth and are more solid."  

البخاري:٢٥٦٠وَقَالَ اللَّيْثُ حَدَّثَنِي يُونُسُ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ قَالَ عُرْوَةُ قَالَتْ

عَائِشَةُ ؓ إِنَّ بَرِيرَةَ دَخَلَتْ عَلَيْهَا تَسْتَعِينُهَا فِي كِتَابَتِهَا وَعَلَيْهَا خَمْسَةُ أَوَاقٍ نُجِّمَتْ عَلَيْهَا فِي خَمْسِ سِنِينَ فَقَالَتْ لَهَا عَائِشَةُ وَنَفِسَتْ فِيهَا أَرَأَيْتِ إِنْ عَدَدْتُ لَهُمْ عَدَّةً وَاحِدَةً أَيَبِيعُكِ أَهْلُكِ فَأُعْتِقَكِ فَيَكُونَ وَلاَؤُكِ لِي فَذَهَبَتْ بَرِيرَةُ إِلَى أَهْلِهَا فَعَرَضَتْ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَقَالُوا لاَ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ لَنَا الْوَلاَءُ قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لَهُ فَقَالَ لَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ اشْتَرِيهَا فَأَعْتِقِيهَا فَإِنَّمَا الْوَلاَءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ ثُمَّ قَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ مَا بَالُ رِجَالٍ يَشْتَرِطُونَ شُرُوطًا لَيْسَتْ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ مَنِ اشْتَرَطَ شَرْطًا لَيْسَ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ فَهْوَ بَاطِلٌ شَرْطُ اللَّهِ أَحَقُّ وَأَوْثَقُ