28. Oaths, Retaliation, and Blood Money)

٢٨۔ كتاب القسامة والمحاربين والقصاص والديات

28.2 The ruling on Muharibin and Apostates

٢٨۔٢ باب حُكْمِ الْمُحَارِبِينَ وَالْمُرْتَدِّينَ

muslim:1671aYaḥyá b. Yaḥyá al-Tamīmī And ʾAbū Bakr b. Abū Shaybah > Hushaym Wa-al-Lafẓ Liyaḥyá > Hushaym > ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz b. Ṣuhayb Waḥumayd > Anas b. Mālik

If you so like, you may go to the camels of Sadaqa and drink their milk and urine. They did so and were all right. They then fell upon the shepherds and killed them and turned apostates from Islam and drove off the camels of the Prophet ﷺ. This news reached Allah's Apostle ﷺ and he sent (people) on their track and they were (brought) and handed over to him. He (the Holy Prophet) got their hands cut off, and their feet, and put out their eyes, and threw them on the stony ground until they died.  

مسلم:١٦٧١aوَحَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى التَّمِيمِيُّ وَأَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ كِلاَهُمَا عَنْ هُشَيْمٍ وَاللَّفْظُ لِيَحْيَى قَالَ أَخْبَرَنَا هُشَيْمٌ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ صُهَيْبٍ وَحُمَيْدٍ عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ

أَنَّ نَاسًا مِنْ عُرَيْنَةَ قَدِمُوا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْمَدِينَةَ فَاجْتَوَوْهَا فَقَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِنْ شِئْتُمْ أَنْ تَخْرُجُوا إِلَى إِبِلِ الصَّدَقَةِ فَتَشْرَبُوا مِنْ أَلْبَانِهَا وَأَبْوَالِهَا فَفَعَلُوا فَصَحُّوا ثُمَّ مَالُوا عَلَى الرِّعَاءِ فَقَتَلُوهُمْ وَارْتَدُّوا عَنِ الإِسْلاَمِ وَسَاقُوا ذَوْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَبَعَثَ فِي أَثْرِهِمْ فَأُتِيَ بِهِمْ فَقَطَعَ أَيْدِيَهُمْ وَأَرْجُلَهُمْ وَسَمَلَ أَعْيُنَهُمْ وَتَرَكَهُمْ فِي الْحَرَّةِ حَتَّى مَاتُوا  

muslim:1671bAbū Jaʿfar Muḥammad b. al-Ṣabbāḥ And ʾAbū Bakr b. Abū Shaybah Wa-al-Lafẓ Lʾabī Bakr > Ibn ʿUlayyah > Ḥajjāj b. Abū ʿUthmān > Abū Rajāʾ a freed slave of Abū Qilābah > Abū Qilābah > Anas

Eight men of the tribe of 'Ukl came to Messenger of Allah ﷺ and swore allegiance to him on Islam, but found the climate of that land uncogenial to their health and thus they became sick, and they made complaint of that to Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and he said: Why don't you go to (the fold) of our camels along with our shepherd, and make use of their milk and urine. They said: Yes. They set out and drank their (camels') milk and urine and regained their health. They killed the shepherd and drove away the camels. This (news) reached Messenger of Allah ﷺ and he sent them on their track and they were caught and brought to him (the Holy Prophet). He commanded about them, and (thus) their hands and feet were cut off and their eyes were gouged and then they were thrown in the sun, until they died. This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Ibn al-Sabbah with a slight variation of words.  

مسلم:١٦٧١bحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الصَّبَّاحِ وَأَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ وَاللَّفْظُ لأَبِي بَكْرٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ عُلَيَّةَ عَنْ حَجَّاجِ بْنِ أَبِي عُثْمَانَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو رَجَاءٍ مَوْلَى أَبِي قِلاَبَةَ عَنْ أَبِي قِلاَبَةَ حَدَّثَنِي أَنَسٌ

أَنَّ نَفَرًا مِنْ عُكْلٍ ثَمَانِيَةً قَدِمُوا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَبَايَعُوهُ عَلَى الإِسْلاَمِ فَاسْتَوْخَمُوا الأَرْضَ وَسَقُمَتْ أَجْسَامُهُمْ فَشَكَوْا ذَلِكَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ أَلاَ تَخْرُجُونَ مَعَ رَاعِينَا فِي إِبِلِهِ فَتُصِيبُونَ مِنْ أَبْوَالِهَا وَأَلْبَانِهَا فَقَالُوا بَلَى فَخَرَجُوا فَشَرِبُوا مِنْ أَبْوَالِهَا وَأَلْبَانِهَا فَصَحُّوا فَقَتَلُوا الرَّاعِيَ وَطَرَدُوا الإِبِلَ فَبَلغَ ذَلِكَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَبَعَثَ فِي آثَارِهِمْ فَأُدْرِكُوا فَجِيءَ بِهِمْ فَأَمَرَ بِهِمْ فَقُطِعَتْ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَأَرْجُلُهُمْ وَسُمِرَ أَعْيُنُهُمْ ثُمَّ نُبِذُوا فِي الشَّمْسِ حَتَّى مَاتُوا وَقَالَ ابْنُ الصَّبَّاحِ فِي رِوَايَتِهِ وَاطَّرَدُوا النَّعَمَ وَقَالَ وَسُمِّرَتْ أَعْيُنُهُمْ  

muslim:1671cHārūn b. ʿAbdullāh > Sulaymān b. Ḥarb > Ḥammād b. Zayd > Ayyūb > Abū Rajāʾ a freed slave of Abū Qilābah > Abū Qilābah > Anas b. Mālik

" Their eyes were pierced, and they were thrown on the stony ground. They were asking for water, but they were not given water."  

مسلم:١٦٧١cوَحَدَّثَنَا هَارُونُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ عَنْ أَبِي رَجَاءٍ مَوْلَى أَبِي قِلاَبَةَ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو قِلاَبَةَ حَدَّثَنَا أَنَسُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ قَالَ

قَدِمَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَوْمٌ مِنْ عُكْلٍ أَوْ عُرَيْنَةَ فَاجْتَوَوُا الْمَدِينَةَ فَأَمَرَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِلِقَاحٍ وَأَمَرَهُمْ أَنْ يَشْرَبُوا مِنْ أَبْوَالِهَا وَأَلْبَانِهَا بِمَعْنَى حَدِيثِ حَجَّاجِ بْنِ أَبِي عُثْمَانَ قَالَ وَسُمِرَتْ أَعْيُنُهُمْ وَأُلْقُوا فِي الْحَرَّةِ يَسْتَسْقُونَ فَلاَ يُسْقَوْنَ  

muslim:1671d[Chain 1] Muḥammad b. al-Muthanná > Muʿādh b. Muʿādh [Chain 2] Aḥmad b. ʿUthmān al-Nawfalī > Azhar al-Sammān > Ibn ʿAwn > Abū Rajāʾ a freed slave of Abū Qilābah > Abū Qilābah

I was sitting behind 'Umar b. 'Abd al-'Aziz and he said to the people: What do you say about al-Qasama? Thereupon 'Anbasa said: Anas b Malik narrated to us such and such (hadith pertaining to al-Qasama). I said: This is what Anas had narrated to me: People came to Allah's Apostle ﷺ, and the rest of the hadith is the same. When I (Abu Qilaba) finished (the narration of this hadith), 'Anbasa said: Hallowed be Allah. I said: Do you blame me (for telling a lie)? He ('Anbasa) said: No. This is how Anas b Malik narrated to us. O people of Syria, you would not be deprived of good, so long as such (a person) or one like him lives amongst you.  

مسلم:١٦٧١dوَحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى حَدَّثَنَا مُعَاذُ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ ح وَحَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ النَّوْفَلِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا أَزْهَرُ السَّمَّانُ قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ عَوْنٍ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو رَجَاءٍ مَوْلَى أَبِي قِلاَبَةَ عَنْ أَبِي قِلاَبَةَ قَالَ كُنْتُ جَالِسًا خَلْفَ عُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ فَقَالَ لِلنَّاسِ مَا تَقُولُونَ فِي الْقَسَامَةِ فَقَالَ عَنْبَسَةُ قَدْ

حَدَّثَنَا أَنَسُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ كَذَا وَكَذَا فَقُلْتُ إِيَّاىَ حَدَّثَ أَنَسٌ قَدِمَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَوْمٌ وَسَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ بِنَحْوِ حَدِيثِ أَيُّوبَ وَحَجَّاجٍ قَالَ أَبُو قِلاَبَةَ فَلَمَّا فَرَغْتُ قَالَ عَنْبَسَةُ سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ قَالَ أَبُو قِلاَبَةَ فَقُلْتُ أَتَتَّهِمُنِي يَا عَنْبَسَةُ قَالَ لاَ هَكَذَا حَدَّثَنَا أَنَسُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ لَنْ تَزَالُوا بِخَيْرٍ يَا أَهْلَ الشَّامِ مَادَامَ فِيكُمْ هَذَا أَوْ مِثْلُ هَذَا  

muslim:1671e[Chain 1] al-Ḥasan b. Abū Shuʿayb al-Ḥarrānī > Miskīn / Ibn Bukayr al-Ḥarrānī > al-Awzāʿī [Chain 2] ʿAbdullāh b. ʿAbd al-Raḥman al-Dārimī > Muḥammad b. Yūsuf > al-Awzāʿī > Yaḥyá b. Abū Kathīr > Abū Qilābah > Anas b. Mālik

There came to Messenger of Allah ﷺ eight persons from the tribe of 'Ukl, but with this addition that he did not cauterise (the wounds which hid been inflicted upon them while punishing them).  

مسلم:١٦٧١eوَحَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ أَبِي شُعَيْبٍ الْحَرَّانِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا مِسْكِينٌ وَهُوَ ابْنُ بُكَيْرٍ الْحَرَّانِيُّ أَخْبَرَنَا الأَوْزَاعِيُّ ح وَحَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الدَّارِمِيُّ أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ عَنِ الأَوْزَاعِيِّ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي قِلاَبَةَ عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَ

قَدِمَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ ثَمَانِيَةُ نَفَرٍ مِنْ عُكْلٍ بِنَحْوِ حَدِيثِهِمْ وَزَادَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ وَلَمْ يَحْسِمْهُمْ  

muslim:1671fHārūn b. ʿAbdullāh > Mālik b. Ismāʿīl > Zuhayr > Simāk b. Ḥarb > Muʿāwiyah b. Qurrah > Anas

There came to Messenger of Allah ﷺ some ponple from 'Uraina. They embraced Islam and swore allegiance to him and there had spread at that time pleurisy. The rest of the hadith is the same (but with this addition):" There were by his (the Prophet's) side about twenty young men of the Ansar; he sent them (behind) them (culprits), and he also sent along with them one expert in following the track so that he might trace their footprints."  

مسلم:١٦٧١fوَحَدَّثَنَا هَارُونُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ حَدَّثَنَا مَالِكُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ حَدَّثَنَا زُهَيْرٌ حَدَّثَنَا سِمَاكُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ قُرَّةَ عَنْ أَنَسٍ قَالَ

أَتَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَفَرٌ مِنْ عُرَيْنَةَ فَأَسْلَمُوا وَبَايَعُوهُ وَقَدْ وَقَعَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ الْمُومُ وَهُوَ الْبِرْسَامُ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ نَحْوَ حَدِيثِهِمْ وَزَادَ وَعِنْدَهُ شَبَابٌ مِنَ الأَنْصَارِ قَرِيبٌ مِنْ عِشْرِينَ فَأَرْسَلَهُمْ إِلَيْهِمْ وَبَعَثَ مَعَهُمْ قَائِفًا يَقْتَصُّ أَثَرَهُمْ  

muslim:1671g[Chain 1] Haddāb b. Khālid > Hammām > Qatādah > Anas [Chain 2] Ibn al-Muthanná > ʿAbd al-Aʿlá > Saʿīd > Qatādah

This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Anas b. Malik through another chain of transmitters.  

مسلم:١٦٧١gحَدَّثَنَا هَدَّابُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ حَدَّثَنَا هَمَّامٌ حَدَّثَنَا قَتَادَةُ عَنْ أَنَسٍ ح وَحَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ الْمُثَنَّى حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الأَعْلَى حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ

عَنْ أَنَسٍ وَفِي حَدِيثِ هَمَّامٍ قَدِمَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ رَهْطٌ مِنْ عُرَيْنَةَ وَفِي حَدِيثِ سَعِيدٍ مِنْ عُكْلٍ وَعُرَيْنَةَ بِنَحْوِ حَدِيثِهِمْ  

muslim:1671hal-Faḍl b. Sahl al-Aʿraj > Yaḥyá b. Ghaylān > Yazīd b. Zurayʿ > Sulaymān al-Taymī > Anas

Anas reported that Messenger of Allah ﷺ pierced their eyes because they had pierced the eyes of the shepherds.  

مسلم:١٦٧١hوَحَدَّثَنِي الْفَضْلُ بْنُ سَهْلٍ الأَعْرَجُ حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ غَيْلاَنَ حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ زُرَيْعٍ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ التَّيْمِيِّ عَنْ أَنَسٍ قَالَ

إِنَّمَا سَمَلَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ أَعْيُنَ أُولَئِكَ لأَنَّهُمْ سَمَلُوا أَعْيُنَ الرِّعَاءِ