36. Shufʿah
٣٦۔ كتاب الشفعة
Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave a verdict regarding Shuf'a in every undivided joint thing (property). But if the limits are defined (or demarcated) or the ways and streets are fixed, then there is no pre-emption.
قَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِالشُّفْعَةِ فِي كُلِّ مَا لَمْ يُقْسَمْ فَإِذَا وَقَعَتِ الْحُدُودُ وَصُرِّفَتِ الطُّرُقُ فَلاَ شُفْعَةَ
36.2 The partner should inform his partner before selling
٣٦۔٢ باب عَرْضِ الشُّفْعَةِ عَلَى صَاحِبِهَا قَبْلَ الْبَيْعِ
[Machine] And the judge said, "If permission is granted to him before the sale, then he has no right of preemption (shufa'ah)." And Al-Sha'bi said, "Whoever sells his right of preemption while he is a witness and does not change it, then he has no right of preemption."
وَقَالَ الْحَكَمُ إِذَا أَذِنَ لَهُ قَبْلَ الْبَيْعِ فَلاَ شُفْعَةَ لَهُ. وَقَالَ الشَّعْبِيُّ مَنْ بِيعَتْ شُفْعَتُهُ وَهْوَ شَاهِدٌ لاَ يُغَيِّرُهَا فَلاَ شُفْعَةَ لَهُ.
While I was standing with Saʿd bin Abi Waqqas, Al-Miswar bin Makhrama came and put his hand on my shoulder. Meanwhile Abu Rafiʿ, the freed slave of the Prophet ﷺ came and asked Saʿd to buy from him the (two) dwellings which were in his house. Saʿd said, "By Allah I will not buy them." Al- Miswar said, "By Allah, you shall buy them." Saʿd replied, "By Allah, I will not pay more than four thousand (Dirhams) by installments." Abu Rafiʿ said, "I have been offered five hundred Dinars (for it) and had I not heard the Prophet ﷺ saying, 'The neighbor has more right than anyone else because of his nearness, I would not give them to you for four-thousand (Dirhams) while I am offered five-hundred Dinars (one Dinar equals ten Dirhams) for them." So, he sold it to Saʿd.
وَقَفْتُ عَلَى سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ فَجَاءَ الْمِسْوَرُ بْنُ مَخْرَمَةَ فَوَضَعَ يَدَهُ عَلَى إِحْدَى مَنْكِبَىَّ إِذْ جَاءَ أَبُو رَافِعٍ مَوْلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا سَعْدُ ابْتَعْ مِنِّي بَيْتَىَّ فِي دَارِكَ فَقَالَ سَعْدٌ وَاللَّهِ مَا أَبْتَاعُهُمَا فَقَالَ الْمِسْوَرُ وَاللَّهِ لَتَبْتَاعَنَّهُمَا فَقَالَ سَعْدٌ وَاللَّهِ لاَ أَزِيدُكَ عَلَى أَرْبَعَةِ آلاَفٍ مُنَجَّمَةٍ أَوْ مُقَطَّعَةٍ قَالَ أَبُو رَافِعٍ لَقَدْ أُعْطِيتُ بِهَا خَمْسَمِائَةِ دِينَارٍ وَلَوْلاَ أَنِّي سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ يَقُولُ الْجَارُ أَحَقُّ بِسَقَبِهِ مَا أَعْطَيْتُكَهَا بِأَرْبَعَةِ آلاَفٍ وَأَنَا أُعْطَى بِهَا خَمْسَمِائَةِ دِينَارٍ فَأَعْطَاهَا إِيَّاهُ
36.3 Who is considered the nearer neighbour?
٣٦۔٣ باب أَىُّ الْجِوَارِ أَقْرَبُ
I said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! I have two neighbors and would like to know to which of them I should give presents." He replied, "To the one whose door is nearer to you."
عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ؓ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ لِي جَارَيْنِ فَإِلَى أَيِّهِمَا أُهْدِي قَالَ إِلَى أَقْرَبِهِمَا مِنْكِ بَابًا