[Machine] In His saying {O you who have believed, it is not lawful for you to inherit women by compulsion} [An-Nisa 19], it is mentioned that in the era of ignorance, when a man died, his close relative would approach his wife and throw a garment on her, thereby inheriting her. Hence, he had more right to her than anyone else. Then Allah revealed this verse and His saying {And do not prevent them from remarrying their [former] husbands} [An-Nisa 19], which means that the man would prevent his wife from leaving the house without any reason, with the intention of obtaining ransom from her. So Allah said {And do not prevent them} [An-Nisa 19], meaning do not detain or confine them, {so that you may take [back] part of what you gave them} [An-Nisa 19], meaning part of the dowry you gave them. Unless they commit a clear immorality, meaning an evident act of disobedience or rebellion, Allah has made permissible striking or banishing them. If they refuse, the ransom becomes permissible for him. The complete explanation of this matter is mentioned, Allah willing, in the book of Al-Qasam wherein we have reported the speech of Ash-Shafi'i, may Allah have mercy on him, regarding this verse.  

فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى {يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا يَحِلُّ لَكُمْ أَنْ تَرِثُوا النِّسَاءَ كَرْهًا} [النساء 19] قَالَ كَانَ إِذَا تُوُفِّيَ الرَّجُلُ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ عَمَدَ حَمِيمُ الْمَيِّتِ إِلَى امْرَأَتِهِ فَأَلْقَى عَلَيْهَا ثَوْبًا فَيَرِثُ نِكَاحَهَا فَيَكُونُ هُوَ أَحَقُّ بِهَا مِنْ غَيْرِهِ فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ وَقَوْلُهُ {وَلَا تَعْضُلُوهُنَّ لِتَذْهَبُوا بِبَعْضِ مَا آتَيْتُمُوهُنَّ} [النساء 19] مِنَ الْمَهْرِ فَهُوَ الرَّجُلُ يَعْضِلُ امْرَأَتَهُ فَيَحْبِسُهَا وَلَا حَاجَةَ لَهُ فِيهَا إِرَادَةَ أَنْ تَفْتَدِيَ مِنْهُ فَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ {وَلَا تَعْضُلُوهُنَّ} [النساء 19] يَقُولُ وَلَا تَحْبِسُوهُنَّ {لِتَذْهَبُوا بِبَعْضِ مَا آتَيْتُمُوهُنَّ} [النساء 19] يَعْنِي مَا أَعْطَيْتُمُوهُنَّ {إِلَّا أَنْ يَأْتِينَ بِفَاحِشَةٍ مُبَيِّنَةٍ} [النساء 19] يَعْنِي الْعِصْيَانَ الْبَيِّنَ وَهُوَ النُّشُوزُ فَقَدْ أَحَلَّ اللهُ الضَّرْبَ وَالْهُجْرَانَ فَإِنْ أَبَتْ حَلَّتْ لَهُ الْفِدْيَةُ وَتَمَامُ هَذَا الْبَابِ يَرِدُ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ تَعَالَى فِي كِتَابِ الْقَسَمِ حَيْثُ نَقَلْنَا كَلَامَ الشَّافِعِيِّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ فِي هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ